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Folic acid, which is the synthetic form of the vitamin folate, is critical both in pre- and peri-conception. [7] Deficiencies in folic acid may cause neural tube defects (NTDs). Women who had 0.4 mg of folic acid in their systems due to supplementing 3 months before childbirth significantly reduced the risk of NTDs. [29]
Doses of folic acid over 1 mg are prescription only. The amount of non-prescription prenatal vitamins needed to achieve this dose may have too much vitamin A and lead to fetal toxicity. [2] In addition, the U.S. Army currently provides female soldiers with optional prenatal supplements to combat high anemia rates in female soldiers. [10]
It is recommended to accompany regular meals with a daily prenatal vitamin supplement that has sufficient folic acid and iron content. [30] If the fetus is predicted to have low birth weight, in addition to the general recommendations, it would be ideal to increase caloric intake, which can be done by having extra Food Guide Servings daily. [30]
Folic acid is a synthetic derivative of folate and is acquired by dietary supplementation. [25] Multi-vitamin dietary supplements contain folic acid as well as other B vitamins. Non-prescription folic acid is available as a dietary supplement in some countries, and some countries require the fortification of wheat flour, corn meal or rice with ...
Folic acid is also used as a supplement by women during pregnancy to reduce the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) in the baby. [3] [10] NTDs include anencephaly and spina bifida, among other defects. Low levels in early pregnancy are believed to be the cause of more than half of babies born with NTDs. [1]
The most common components in prenatal vitamins include vitamins B 6, folate, B 12, C, D, E, iron and calcium. [72] Sufficient intake of vitamin B 6 can lower the risk of early pregnancy loss and relieve symptoms of morning sickness. [73] [74] Folate is also an essential nutrient for pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects. [73]
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