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Primary bile acid diarrhea (Type 2 bile acid "malabsorption") may be caused by an overproduction of bile acids. [ 5 ] [ 9 ] Several groups of workers have failed to show any defect in ileal bile acid absorption in these patients, and they have an enlarged bile acid pool, rather than the reduced pool expected with malabsorption. [ 10 ]
Failure to produce bile, or enough bile can be caused by: Liver damage: High doses or regular, long-term use of acetaminophen can cause liver damage, especially if combined with alcohol.
Some individuals may benefit from diet modification, such as a reduced fat diet, following cholecystectomy. The liver produces bile and the gallbladder acts as reservoir. From the gallbladder, bile enters the intestine in individual portions. In the absence of a gallbladder, bile enters the intestine constantly, but in small quantities.
Bile acid sequestrants are polymeric compounds that serve as ion-exchange resins. Bile acid sequestrants exchange anions such as chloride ions for bile acids. By doing so, they bind bile acids and sequester them from the enterohepatic circulation. The liver then produces more bile acids to replace those that have been lost.
Without bile acids, this pathway would have a hard time occurring, which would lead to fat malabsorption and make steatorrhea more probable to occur. [2] Other features of fat malabsorption may also occur such as reduced bone density, difficulty with vision under low light levels, bleeding, bruising, and slow blood clotting times. [1]
Iron is absorbed in the more proximal parts of the small bowel, the duodenum and jejunum, and patients with malabsorption of iron can develop a microcytic anemia, with small red blood cells. Vitamin B 12 is absorbed in the last part of the small bowel, the ileum , and patients who malabsorb vitamin B 12 can develop a megaloblastic anemia with ...
This article needs more reliable medical references for verification ... Vanishing bile duct syndrome is a loose collection of diseases leading to ... Malabsorption;
Colestyramine is commonly used to treat diarrhea resulting from bile acid malabsorption. [2] It was first used for this in Crohn's disease patients who had undergone ileal resection. [3] The terminal portion of the small bowel (ileum) is where bile acids are reabsorbed. When this section is removed, the bile acids pass into the large bowel and ...