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  2. Bijection, injection and surjection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijection,_injection_and...

    A function is bijective if it is both injective and surjective. A bijective function is also called a bijection or a one-to-one correspondence (not to be confused with one-to-one function, which refers to injection). A function is bijective if and only if every possible image is mapped to by exactly one argument. [1]

  3. Vector projection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_projection

    The projection of a onto b is often written as ⁡ or a ∥b. The vector component or vector resolute of a perpendicular to b , sometimes also called the vector rejection of a from b (denoted oproj b ⁡ a {\displaystyle \operatorname {oproj} _{\mathbf {b} }\mathbf {a} } or a ⊥ b ), [ 1 ] is the orthogonal projection of a onto the plane (or ...

  4. Surjective function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surjective_function

    The function f : R → R defined by f(x) = x 3 − 3x is surjective, because the pre-image of any real number y is the solution set of the cubic polynomial equation x 3 − 3x − y = 0, and every cubic polynomial with real coefficients has at least one real root. However, this function is not injective (and hence not bijective), since, for ...

  5. Integrated circuit design - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuit_design

    The user may use a variety of languages and tools to create this description. Examples include a C/C++ model, VHDL, SystemC, SystemVerilog Transaction Level Models, Simulink, and MATLAB. RTL design: This step converts the user specification (what the user wants the chip to do) into a register transfer level (RTL) description. The RTL describes ...

  6. Contact mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contact_mechanics

    The MATLAB implementation presented by Almqvist et al. is one example that can be employed to solve the problem numerically. In addition, an example code for an LCP solution of a 2D linear elastic contact mechanics problem has also been made public at MATLAB file exchange by Almqvist et al.

  7. Spectral method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral_method

    Here we presume an understanding of basic multivariate calculus and Fourier series.If (,) is a known, complex-valued function of two real variables, and g is periodic in x and y (that is, (,) = (+,) = (, +)) then we are interested in finding a function f(x,y) so that

  8. Triangulation (computer vision) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulation_(computer...

    The function is only an abstract representation of a computation which, in practice, may be relatively complex. Some methods result in a τ {\displaystyle \tau } which is a closed-form continuous function while others need to be decomposed into a series of computational steps involving, for example, SVD or finding the roots of a polynomial.

  9. Fixed-point iteration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed-point_iteration

    The fixed point iteration x n+1 = cos x n with initial value x 1 = −1.. An attracting fixed point of a function f is a fixed point x fix of f with a neighborhood U of "close enough" points around x fix such that for any value of x in U, the fixed-point iteration sequence , (), (()), ((())), … is contained in U and converges to x fix.