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  2. Myofascial pain syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myofascial_pain_syndrome

    The cause is believed to be muscle tension or spasms within the affected musculature. [1] Diagnosis is based on the symptoms and possible sleep studies. [1] Treatment may include pain medication, physical therapy, mouth guards, and occasionally benzodiazepine. [1] It is a relatively common cause of temporomandibular pain. [1]

  3. Tension myositis syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tension_myositis_syndrome

    Tension myositis syndrome (TMS), also known as tension myoneural syndrome or mindbody syndrome, is a name given by John E. Sarno to what he claimed was a condition of psychogenic musculoskeletal and nerve symptoms, most notably back pain. [1][2][3] Sarno described TMS in four books, [4][5][6][7] and stated that the condition may be involved in ...

  4. Stiff-person syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stiff-person_syndrome

    Frequency. 1 in 1,000,000. Stiff-person syndrome (SPS), also known as stiff-man syndrome, [1] is a rare neurological disorder of unclear cause characterized by progressive muscular rigidity and stiffness. The stiffness primarily affects the truncal muscles and is characterised by spasms, resulting in postural deformities.

  5. Hypertonia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertonia

    Hypertonia is a term sometimes used synonymously with spasticity and rigidity in the literature surrounding damage to the central nervous system, namely upper motor neuron lesions. [1] Impaired ability of damaged motor neurons to regulate descending pathways gives rise to disordered spinal reflexes, increased excitability of muscle spindles ...

  6. Psoas muscle abscess - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psoas_muscle_abscess

    Psoas muscle abscess. Psoas abscess is a collection of pus (abscess) in the iliopsoas muscle compartment. [1][2] It can be classified into primary psoas abscess (caused by hematogenous or lymphatic spread of a pathogen) and secondary psoas abscess (resulting from contiguous spread from an adjacent infectious focus). [2]

  7. Inclusion body myositis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclusion_body_myositis

    5-71/100,000,000 [1] Inclusion body myositis (IBM) (/ maɪoʊˈsaɪtɪs /) (sometimes called sporadic inclusion body myositis, sIBM) is the most common inflammatory muscle disease in older adults. [2] The disease is characterized by slowly progressive weakness and wasting of both proximal muscles (located on or close to the torso) and distal ...

  8. Spasm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spasm

    Neurology. A spasm is a sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle, [1] a group of muscles, or a hollow organ, such as the bladder. A spasmodic muscle contraction may be caused by many medical conditions, including dystonia. Most commonly, it is a muscle cramp which is accompanied by a sudden burst of pain. A muscle cramp is usually harmless ...

  9. Myositis ossificans - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myositis_ossificans

    Myositis ossificans. Myositis ossificans comprises two syndromes characterized by heterotopic ossification (calcification) of muscle. The World Health Organization, 2020, has grouped myositis ossificans together with fibro-osseous pseudotumor of digits as a single specific entity in the category of fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors.