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Patrilineal or agnatic succession gives priority to or restricts inheritance of a throne or fief to male heirs descended from the original title holder through males only. Traditionally, agnatic succession is applied in determining the names and membership of European dynasties .
In anthropology, a lineage is a unilineal descent group that traces its ancestry to a demonstrably shared ancestor, known as the apical ancestor. [1] [2] [3] Lineages are formed through relationships traced either exclusively through the maternal line (matrilineage), paternal line (patrilineage), or some combination of both (). [4]
Nevertheless, graphs depicting matrilineal descent (mother-daughter relationships) and patrilineal descent (father-son relationships) do form trees. Assuming no common ancestor, an ancestry chart is a perfect binary tree , as each person has exactly one mother and one father; these thus have a regular structure.
Patrilineal primogeniture predominated in ancient times. The Laws of Manu state that the oldest son inherits all of the father's estate. [60] Since the Middle Ages patrilineal equal inheritance has prevailed in perhaps a majority of groups, [61] although the eldest son often received an extra share. [62]
In the anthropological study of kinship, a moiety (/ ˈ m ɔɪ ə t i /) is a descent group that coexists with only one other descent group within a society.In such cases, the community usually has unilineal descent (either patri-or matrilineal) so that any individual belongs to one of the two moiety groups by birth, and all marriages take place between members of opposite moieties.
The usual lack of matrinames to pass on in patrilineal cultures makes traditional genealogy more difficult in the maternal line than in the paternal line. [1] After all, father-line surnames originated partly to identify individuals clearly and were adopted partly for administrative reasons, [c] and these patrinames help in searching for facts and documentation from centuries ago.
Within the descent group patrilineal descent lines were hierarchically organized, with descent from elder brothers invariably ranking higher than descent from younger brothers. The oldest member of the senior line (da zong) was the group's leader and the sole person who could perform rituals honouring the group's deceased founder and chief ...
Matrilineality in Judaism or matrilineal descent in Judaism is the tracing of Jewish descent through the maternal line. Close to all Jewish communities have followed matrilineal descent from at least early Tannaitic (c. 10–70 CE) times through modern times. [109] The origins and date-of-origin of matrilineal descent in Judaism are uncertain.