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Athens is one of the oldest named cities in the world, having been continuously inhabited for perhaps 5,000 years. Situated in southern Europe, Athens became the leading city of ancient Greece in the first millennium BC, and its cultural achievements during the 5th century BC laid the foundations of Western civilization.
This timeline lists significant discoveries in physics and the laws of nature, including experimental discoveries, theoretical proposals that were confirmed experimentally, and theories that have significantly influenced current thinking in modern physics. Such discoveries are often a multi-step, multi-person process.
1951 – Population: 559,250 city; 1,368,142 metro. [10] 1955 – Athens Festival of arts begins. 1957 Astron Cinema opens. [18] Hellenic American Union founded. [19] 1971 – Population: 867,023 city; 2,101,103 urban agglomeration. [20] 1972 – City becomes part of the Athens Prefecture administrative division. 1973 Athens City Museum ...
The city of Athens (Ancient Greek: Ἀθῆναι, Athênai [a.tʰɛ̂ː.nai̯]; Modern Greek: Αθήναι, Athine [a.ˈθi.ne̞] or, more commonly and in singular, Αθήνα, Athina [a.'θi.na]) during the classical period of ancient Greece (480–323 BC) [1] was the major urban centre of the notable polis of the same name, located in Attica ...
4th century BC Mo Di first mentions the camera obscura, a pin-hole camera. 3rd century BC Euclid is the first to write about reflection and refraction and notes that light travels in straight lines [4] 3rd century BC – The Baghdad Battery is dated from this period.
The Ptolemaic system of celestial motion as depicted in the Harmonia Macrocosmica (1661). Science in classical antiquity encompasses inquiries into the workings of the world or universe aimed at both practical goals (e.g., establishing a reliable calendar or determining how to cure a variety of illnesses) as well as more abstract investigations belonging to natural philosophy.
By the 4th century BC, winch and pulley hoists were regarded by Aristotle as common for architectural use (Mech. 18; 853b10-13). [83] Windlass: The Greek scientist Archimedes was the inventor of the windlass. Windmill: Hero of Alexandria in first-century Roman Egypt described what appears to be a wind-driven wheel to power a machine. His ...
Athens was the host city of the first modern-day Olympic Games in 1896, and 108 years later it hosted the 2004 Summer Olympics, making it one of five cities to have hosted the Summer Olympics on multiple occasions. [22]