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Polycystic ovary syndrome, or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. [14] The syndrome is named after cysts which form on the ovaries of some women with this condition, though this is not a universal symptom, and not the underlying cause of the disorder.
Referred pain, also called reflective pain, [1] is pain perceived at a location other than the site of the painful stimulus.An example is the case of angina pectoris brought on by a myocardial infarction (heart attack), where pain is often felt in the left side of neck, left shoulder, and back rather than in the thorax (chest), the site of the injury.
Pelvic pain is pain in the area of the pelvis. Acute pain is more common than chronic pain. [2] If the pain lasts for more than six months, it is deemed to be chronic pelvic pain. [3] [4] It can affect both the male and female pelvis. Common causes in include: endometriosis in women, bowel adhesions, irritable bowel syndrome, and interstitial ...
Ovarian cysts can be of various types, such as dermoid cysts, endometrioma cysts, and the functional cyst. [medical citation needed] Symptoms: Abdominal bloating or swelling. Painful bowel movement. Pelvic pain before or after the menstrual cycle. Painful intercourse. Pain in the lower back or thighs. Breast tenderness. Nausea and vomiting. Fever.
Resistant ovary syndrome, previously known as Savage syndrome, is a cause of ovarian failure that can lead to secondary amenorrhea. Resistant ovaries result from a functional disturbance of the gonadotropin receptors in the ovarian follicles. It may be a cause of primary or secondary amenorrhea and is resistant to exogenous gonadotropin ...
Ovarian wall rupture: The ovaries have no openings; at ovulation the egg breaks through the ovary's wall. This may make ovulation itself painful for some women. [6] [unreliable medical source?] Fallopian tube contraction: After ovulation, the fallopian tubes contract (similar to peristalsis of the esophagus), which may cause pain in some women.
Diagnosis [ edit ] Although hematometra can often be diagnosed based purely on the patient's history of amenorrhea and cyclic abdominal pain, as well as a palpable pelvic mass on examination, the diagnosis can be confirmed by ultrasound , which will show blood pooled in the uterus and an enlargement of the uterine cavity.
Ovarian suppression treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist as an off-label use may reduce symptoms but have adverse side effects including decreased bone density. Other less commonly use medications such as alprazolam may reduce anxiety symptoms but has potential for dependence, tolerance, and abuse.