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Robert Hooke FRS (/ h ʊ k /; 18 July 1635 – 3 March 1703) [4] [a] was an English polymath who was active as a physicist ("natural philosopher"), astronomer, geologist, meteorologist and architect. [5]
Hooke also selected several objects of human origin; among these objects were the jagged edge of a honed razor and the point of a needle, seeming blunt under the microscope. His goal may well have been to contrast the flawed products of mankind with the perfection of nature (and hence, in the spirit of the times, of biblical creation).
Robert Hooke published his ideas about the "System of the World" in the 1660s, when he read to the Royal Society on March 21, 1666, a paper "concerning the inflection of a direct motion into a curve by a supervening attractive principle", and he published them again in somewhat developed form in 1674, as an addition to "An Attempt to Prove the Motion of the Earth from Observations". [6]
Barometer (Marine) – Robert Hooke [98] Bell's theorem – John Stewart Bell; Calculus – Sir Isaac Newton; Cell biology – Credit for the discovery of the first cells is given to Robert Hooke who described the microscopic compartments of cork cells in 1665 [198] Chromatography (Partition) – Richard Laurence Millington Synge and Archer J.P ...
Since the invention of the microscope in the seventeenth century it has been known that plant and animal tissue is composed of cells : the cell was discovered by Robert Hooke. The plant cell wall was easily visible even with these early microscopes but no similar barrier was visible on animal cells, though it stood to reason that one must exist.
1665: Cell biology originated by Robert Hooke (1635–1703), who discovered the first cells in the course of describing the microscopic compartments within cork. [ 123 ] Early 19th century: the first recognition of what fossils were by Mary Anning .
1660 – Robert Hooke: Hooke's law; 1662 – Robert Boyle: Boyle's law; 1663 – Otto von Guericke: first electrostatic generator; 1676 – Ole Rømer: Rømer's determination of the speed of light traveling from the moons of Jupiter. 1678 – Christiaan Huygens mathematical wave theory of light, published in his Treatise on Light
1841 – Julius Robert von Mayer, an amateur scientist, writes a paper on the conservation of energy, but his lack of academic training leads to its rejection; 1842 – Mayer makes a connection between work, heat, and the human metabolism based on his observations of blood made while a ship's surgeon; he calculates the mechanical equivalent of heat