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"Justice-based" civil disobedience occurs when a citizen disobeys laws to lay claim to some right denied to them, as when Black people illegally protested during the civil rights movement. "Policy-based" civil disobedience occurs when a person breaks the law to change a policy they believe is dangerously wrong. [29]
During the first phase of the Indian civil disobedience movement from 1929 to 1931, the second MacDonald ministry headed by Ramsay MacDonald was in power in Britain. The attempted suppression of the movement was presided over by MacDonald and his cabinet (including the Secretary of State for India , William Wedgwood Benn ). [ 65 ]
The Vedaranyam March (also called the Vedaranyam Satyagraha) was a framework of the nonviolent civil disobedience movement in British India. Modeled on the lines of Dandi March, which was led by Mahatma Gandhi on the western coast of India the month before, it was organised to protest the salt tax imposed by the British Raj in the colonial India.
Berel Lang argues against the conflation of nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience on the grounds that the necessary conditions for an act instancing civil disobedience are: (1) that the act violates the law, (2) that the act is performed intentionally, and (3) that the actor anticipates and willingly accepts punitive measures made on the ...
At the time, he said, the main acts of civil disobedience were calls for “divestments from South Africa, and occupying buildings, as well as pitching tents, was one of the techniques.”
The movement was known to block roads and use other forms of civil disobedience adapted from the civil rights movement in the United States to make known their protests and goals. Feiglin details every step of the movement, including both its formation and activities, as well as the response by the Israeli political and media establishments, in ...
While civil rights leaders trained activists in nonviolent civil disobedience, they were acutely aware that even non-violent civil disobedience was likely to result in violence as the police state ...
When using satyagraha in a large-scale political conflict involving civil disobedience, Gandhi believed that the satyagrahis must undergo training to ensure discipline. He wrote that it is "only when people have proved their active loyalty by obeying the many laws of the State that they acquire the right of Civil Disobedience." [22]