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Polystyrene sulfonic acid, the acid whose salts are the polystyrene sulfonates, has the idealized formula (CH 2 CHC 6 H 4 SO 3 H) n. The material is prepared by sulfonation of polystyrene: (CH 2 CHC 6 H 5) n + n SO 3 → (CH 2 CHC 6 H 4 SO 3 H) n. Several methods exist for this conversion, which can lead to varying degree of sulfonation.
Polystyrene sulfonate, a cation-exchange resin, is typically supplied with Na + as the counterion. In chemistry , a counterion (sometimes written as " counter ion ", pronounced as such) is the ion that accompanies an ionic species in order to maintain electric neutrality.
Potassium binders are medications that bind potassium ions in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby preventing its intestinal absorption. This category formerly consisted solely of polystyrene sulfonate, a polyanionic resin attached to a cation, administered either orally or by retention enema to patients who are at risk of developing hyperkalaemia (abnormal high serum potassium levels).
These methods include polystyrene microspheres, nanoparticles, and solid foams. In the biomedical engineering field, these methods assist researchers in drug delivery, diagnostics, and imaging strategies. [1] [2] A common group of medication that utilizes a combination of polystyrene and sulfonate functional groups are polystyrene sulfonates. [3]
Polysulfone (PSU) repeating unit. Polyethersulfone (PES) repeating unit. Polysulfones are a family of high performance thermoplastics.These polymers are known for their toughness and stability at high temperatures.
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is a composite material where PEDOT (the conductive polymer) provides electrical conductivity, and PSS (polystyrene sulfonate) acts as a counter-ion to balance the charge and improve the water solubility and processability of PEDOT.
Acids are classified as either weak or strong (and bases similarly may be either weak or strong).Similarly, polyelectrolytes can be divided into "weak" and "strong" types. A "strong" polyelectrolyte dissociates completely in solution for most reasonable pH values.
Ion-exchange resin beads. An ion-exchange resin or ion-exchange polymer is a resin or polymer that acts as a medium for ion exchange, that is also known as an ionex. [1] It is an insoluble matrix (or support structure) normally in the form of small (0.25–1.43 mm radius) microbeads, usually white or yellowish, fabricated from an organic polymer substrate.