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Ubba (Old Norse: Ubbi; died 878) was a 9th-century Viking and one of the commanders of the Great Heathen Army that invaded Anglo-Saxon England in the 860s. [ note 1 ] The Great Army appears to have been a coalition of warbands drawn from Scandinavia , Ireland , the Irish Sea region and Continental Europe .
Led by Ubba and Ivar (who may be the same historical figure as Ímar) the Vikings first took York on 1 November 866. [3] [6] Ivar's apparent motive was to avenge the death of his father, Ragnar Lodbrok. [7] The Kingdom of Northumbria was in the middle of a civil war after Ælla had driven out the previous king Osberht by force. [8]
The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle refer to the leaders of this army as Ingware and Ubba. [77] Ingware has been identified with Ímar, though Ubba's identity is unknown. [78] The 10th-century historian Æthelweard noted that the fleet of the Great Heathen Army arrived "from the north" in 865 and wintered in East Anglia. [79]
The Great Heathen Army, [a] also known as the Viking Great Army, [1] was a coalition of Scandinavian warriors who invaded England in 865 AD.Since the late 8th century, the Vikings [b] had been engaging in raids on centres of wealth, such as monasteries.
Following Ubba's defeat to Odda, Ealdorman of Devon, Alfred managed to muster his forces and reclaim Wessex following the Battle of Edington in May 878. Guthrum would not attack Wessex again, agreeing to the Treaty of Wedmore. Alfred would then reorganise the army of Wessex to ensure there was always a standing force ready to meet a threat.
One reason for Alfred's victory was possibly the relative size of the two armies. The men of even one shire could be a formidable fighting force, as those of Devon proved in the same year, defeating an army under Ubba at the Battle of Cynwit. [18] In addition, in 875 Guthrum had lost the support of other Danish lords, including Ivar the ...
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The Viking army was said to have been led by Ubba, [b] brother of Ivar the Boneless and Halfdan Ragnarsson, and sailed from Dyfed (where they had overwintered) to land on the coast at Countisbury [c] with 23 ships and 1200 men.