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Healthy narcissism is a positive sense of self that is in alignment with the greater good. [1] [2] [3] The concept of healthy narcissism was first coined by Paul Federn and gained prominence in the 1970s through the research of Heinz Kohut and Otto Kernberg.
Kohut explained, in 1977, that in all he wrote on the psychology of the self, he purposely did not define the self. He explained his reasoning this way: "The self...is, like all reality...not knowable in its essence...We can describe the various cohesive forms in which the self appears, can demonstrate the several constituents that make up the self ... and explain their genesis and functions.
Kohut's first truly scientific contribution was his 1959 article on empathy, entitled "Introspection, Empathy, and Psychoanalysis: An Examination of the Relationship Between Mode of Observation and Theory", which was written for the twenty-fifth anniversary meeting of the Chicago Institute for Psychoanalysis in November 1957, and also presented ...
The theory is “flexible, open-ended, mutual and empathic. Analysis makes possible the pure gold of psychotherapy.” [6] Kohut is interested in the way we are in relationships with other people, not only in whether such relationship exists between people or not. This is one of his most important contributions to psychoanalysis.
Kohut also saw beyond the negative and pathological aspects of narcissism, believing it is a component in the development of resilience, ideals and ambition once it has been transformed by life experiences or analysis [25] —though critics objected that his theory of how 'we become attached to ideals and values, instead of to our own archaic ...
An extension of Freud's theory of narcissism came when Heinz Kohut presented the so-called "self-object transferences" of idealization and mirroring.To Kohut, idealization in childhood is a healthy mechanism.
Our relationship started out on a great note (most narcissists go out of their way to draw you in and lay a solid foundation). We had interesting and thought-provoking conversations and seemed to ...
Kohut, Heinz: The Analysis of the Self: A Systematic Approach to the Psychoanalytic Treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorders (1971). International Universities Press, New York. ISBN 0-8236-8002-9. Kohut, Heinz (1977). The Restoration of the Self. New York: International Universities Press. ISBN 0-8236-5810-4. Strozier, Charles B. (2001).