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All species of garnets possess similar physical properties and crystal forms, but differ in chemical composition. The different species are pyrope , almandine , spessartine , grossular (varieties of which are hessonite or cinnamon-stone and tsavorite ), uvarovite and andradite .
Gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG, Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12) is a synthetic crystalline material of the garnet group, with good mechanical, thermal, and optical properties. It is typically colorless. It has a cubic lattice, a density of 7.08 g/cm 3 and its Mohs hardness is variously noted as 6.5 and 7.5.
It can be especially useful for high energy particle detection and quantification on account of its density and thermal stability. This high melting temperature, in addition to the lack of availability of lutetium has made this crystal less commonly used than its fellow garnets, despite its favorable physical properties. [1]
Almandine (/ ˈ æ l m ən d ɪ n /), also known as almandite, is a species of mineral belonging to the garnet group. The name is a corruption of alabandicus, which is the name applied by Pliny the Elder to a stone found or worked at Alabanda, a town in Caria in Asia Minor. Almandine is an iron alumina garnet, of deep red color, inclining to ...
Yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG, Y 3 Al 5 O 12) is a synthetic crystalline material of the garnet group. It is a cubic yttrium aluminium oxide phase, with other examples being YAlO 3 (YAP [ 2 ] ) in a hexagonal or an orthorhombic, perovskite -like form, and the monoclinic Y 4 Al 2 O 9 (YAM [ 3 ] ).
The garnet group has a general formula of X 3 Y 2 (SiO 4) 3, where X is a large eight-fold coordinated cation, and Y is a smaller six-fold coordinated cation. There are six ideal endmembers of garnet, split into two group. The pyralspite garnets have Al 3+ in the Y position: pyrope (Mg 3 Al 2 (SiO 4) 3), almandine (Fe 3 Al 2 (SiO 4) 3), and ...
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Andradite is a mineral species of the garnet group.It is a nesosilicate, with formula Ca 3 Fe 2 Si 3 O 12.. Andradite includes three varieties: Colophonite: a historical variety found in the Scandinavian islands, brownish or reddish in color, often opaque or translucent.