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Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali was a 20th century Moroccan Salafi Islamic scholar, most famous for English translations of the Quran, known as The Noble Quran, and Sahih al-Bukhari. al-Hilali moved from Iraq to Nazi Germany in 1936 to study Arabic philology, first at the University of Bonn – under the recommendation of the aforementioned ...
The 1941 Iraqi coup d'état (Arabic: ثورة رشيد عالي الكيلاني), also called the Rashid Ali Al-Gaylani coup or the Golden Square coup, was a nationalist and pro-German coup d'état in Iraq on 1 April 1941 that overthrew the pro-British regime of Regent 'Abd al-Ilah and Prime Minister Nuri al-Said and installed Rashid Ali al-Gaylani as prime minister.
The Lost Peace, International Relations in Europe, 1918-1939 (1981) 236pp; excerpts from 69 documents; Berber, F.J. ed. Locarno A Collection Of Documents (1936) online; useful English translations of 76 major diplomic documents 1919–36, with a biased anti-French introduction by Nazi Germany's Foreign Minister. Degras, Jane T.
The new pro-Nazi government sought German and Italian support for an Iraqi revolt against British forces in the country. Contact was established with the Axis powers with the help of the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem Amin al-Husseini , who had been living in Iraq since he had fled imprisonment from Mandatory Palestine shortly before the war.
The lesson of Munich, in international relations, refers to the appeasement of Adolf Hitler at the Munich Conference in September 1938. To avoid war, France and the United Kingdom permitted Nazi Germany to incorporate the Sudetenland .
Nazi Foreign Policy, 1933–1941: The Road to Global War (2004) Martin, Bernd. Japan and Germany in the Modern World (1995) Mazower, Mark. Hitler's Empire: How the Nazis Ruled Europe (2009) excerpt and text search; Michalka, Wolfgang. "Conflicts Within the German Leadership on the Objectives and Tactics of German Foreign Policy, 1933-9."
During the 1930s, representatives of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy attempted to gain favor with various Iraqi nationalists and promised support against the British. On 1 April 1941, Rashid Ali and members of the pro- Axis " Golden Square " staged a coup d'etat against the pro-British government of Regent Abd al-Ilah .
The Friends of New Germany dissolved in December 1935 when Hess ordered all German citizens to leave the group after realizing that the organization was not beneficial to advancing their cause. [4] The German American Bund, led by Fritz Kuhn, was formed in 1936 and lasted until America formally entered World War II in 1941. The Bund existed ...