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The resulting standards are named 2.5GBASE-T and 5GBASE-T. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] NBASE-T refers to Ethernet equipment that supports speeds of at least 2.5 Gbit/s and sometimes 5 or 10 Gbit/s, and that can automatically use training to operate at the best speed supported by the cable quality. [ 4 ]
5GBASE-T: 100 m of Cat 6 2.5GBASE-T1: 802.3ch-2020 (149) use a single, bi-directional twisted pair in full duplex mode only, intended for automotive and industrial applications 5GBASE-T1 Fiber-optical cable 2.5GBASE-AU: 802.3cz-2023 (166) undefined: up to 40 m of OM3 for automotive 5GBASE-AU: up to 40 m of OM3 for automotive Other 2.5GBASE-KX
2.5 Gbit/s and 5 Gbit/s Operation over Backplane 802.3cc 2017-12 25 Gbit/s over Single-Mode Fiber 802.3cd 2018-12 Media Access Control Parameters for 50 Gbit/s and Physical Layers and Management Parameters for 50, 100, and 200 Gbit/s Operation 802.3ce 2017-03 Multilane Timestamping 802.3.2-2019 2019-03 802.3cf, YANG Data Model Definitions
[29] [30] Higher speed standards, 2.5GBASE-T up to 40GBASE-T [31] running at 2.5 to 40 Gbit/s, consequently define only full-duplex point-to-point links which are generally connected by network switches, and do not support the traditional shared-medium CSMA/CD operation. [32]
The physical coding sublayer (PCS) is a networking protocol sublayer in the Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, and 10 Gigabit Ethernet standards. It resides at the top of the physical layer (PHY), and provides an interface between the physical medium attachment (PMA) sublayer and the media-independent interface (MII).
The most popular variant, 1000BASE-T, is defined by the IEEE 802.3ab standard. It came into use in 1999, and has replaced Fast Ethernet in wired local networks due to its considerable speed improvement over Fast Ethernet, as well as its use of cables and equipment that are widely available, economical, and similar to previous standards.
Small Form-factor Pluggable (SFP) is a compact, hot-pluggable network interface module format used for both telecommunication and data communications applications. An SFP interface on networking hardware is a modular slot for a media-specific transceiver, such as for a fiber-optic cable or a copper cable. [1]
The first such word is known as a base link code word, and its bits are used as follows: 0–4: selector field – indicates which standard is used between IEEE 802.3 and IEEE 802.9; 5–12: technology ability field – a sequence of bits that encode the possible modes of operations among the 100BASE-T and 10BASE-T modes (see below)