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A hand-held surgical probe is an essential component of any image-guided surgery system as it provides the surgeon with a map of the designated area. [8] During the surgical procedure, the IGS tracks the probe position and displays the anatomy beneath it as, for example, three orthogonal image slices on a workstation-based 3D imaging system.
Modern SPECT equipment is available with an integrated X-ray CT scanner. As X-ray CT images are an attenuation map of the tissues, this data can be incorporated into the SPECT reconstruction to correct for attenuation. It also provides a precisely registered CT image, which can provide additional anatomical information.
Safecast is an international, volunteer-centered organization devoted to open citizen science for environmental monitoring.Safecast was established by Sean Bonner, Pieter Franken, and Joi Ito shortly after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in Japan, following the TÅhoku earthquake on 11 March 2011 and manages a global open data network for ionizing radiation and air quality monitoring.
This form of radiation treatment uses computers and linear accelerators to sculpt a three-dimensional radiation dose map, specific to the target's location, shape and motion characteristics. Because of the level of precision required for IMRT , detailed data must be gathered about tumour locations.
A medical radiographic exposure is always initiated by a human operator but an AEC detector system may be used to terminate the exposure when a predetermined amount of radiation has been received. [1] The intention of AEC is to provide consistent x-ray image exposure, whether to film, a digital detector or a CT scanner.
Some recent advances rely on using simultaneously integrated physical phenomena, e.g. X-rays for both CT and angiography, combined CT/MRI and combined CT/PET. Discrete tomography and Geometric tomography , on the other hand, are research areas [ citation needed ] that deal with the reconstruction of objects that are discrete (such as crystals ...
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Electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) is a fifth generation computed tomography (CT) scanner in which the X-ray tube is not mechanically spun in order to rotate the source of X-ray photons. This different design was explicitly developed to better image heart structures that never stop moving, performing a complete cycle of movement with each ...