Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
In other databases, alternatives to express the same query (other queries that return the same results) can be tried. Some query tools can generate embedded hints in the query, for use by the optimizer. Some databases - like Oracle - provide a plan table for query tuning. This plan table will return the cost and time for executing a query.
The query optimizer attempts to determine the most efficient way to execute a given query by considering the possible query plans. [ 1 ] Generally, the query optimizer cannot be accessed directly by users: once queries are submitted to the database server, and parsed by the parser, they are then passed to the query optimizer where optimization ...
SQL term Relational database term Description Row: Tuple or record: A data set representing a single item Column: Attribute or field: A labeled element of a tuple, e.g. "Address" or "Date of birth" Table: Relation or Base relvar: A set of tuples sharing the same attributes; a set of columns and rows View or result set: Derived relvar
In situations where the number of unique values of a column is far less than the number of rows in the table, column-oriented storage allow significant savings in space through data compression. Columnar storage also allows fast execution of range queries (e.g., show all records where a particular column is between X and Y, or less than X.)
While different in nature, data redundancy also occurs in database systems that have values repeated unnecessarily in one or more records or fields, within a table, or where the field is replicated/repeated in two or more tables.
An example of a data table column with low-cardinality would be a CUSTOMER table with a column named NEW_CUSTOMER. This column would contain only two distinct values: Y or N, denoting whether the customer was new or not. Since there are only two possible values held in this column, its cardinality type would be referred to as low-cardinality. [2]
A range query is a common database operation that retrieves all records where some value is between an upper and lower boundary. [1] For example, list all employees with 3 to 5 years' experience. Range queries are unusual because it is not generally known in advance how many entries a range query will return, or if it will return any at all.
SQL was initially developed at IBM by Donald D. Chamberlin and Raymond F. Boyce after learning about the relational model from Edgar F. Codd [12] in the early 1970s. [13] This version, initially called SEQUEL (Structured English Query Language), was designed to manipulate and retrieve data stored in IBM's original quasirelational database management system, System R, which a group at IBM San ...