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Absorption spectrum of an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate.The spectrum consists of a series of overlapping lines belonging to a vibronic progression. Spectral line shape or spectral line profile describes the form of an electromagnetic spectrum in the vicinity of a spectral line – a region of stronger or weaker intensity in the spectrum.
In other words, it is the width of a spectrum curve measured between those points on the y-axis which are half the maximum amplitude. Half width at half maximum (HWHM) is half of the FWHM if the function is symmetric. The term full duration at half maximum (FDHM) is preferred when the independent variable is time.
The pseudo-Voigt profile (or pseudo-Voigt function) is an approximation of the Voigt profile V(x) using a linear combination of a Gaussian curve G(x) and a Lorentzian curve L(x) instead of their convolution. The pseudo-Voigt function is often used for calculations of experimental spectral line shapes.
Curve fitting [1] [2] is the process of constructing a curve, or mathematical function, that has the best fit to a series of data points, [3] possibly subject to constraints. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Curve fitting can involve either interpolation , [ 6 ] [ 7 ] where an exact fit to the data is required, or smoothing , [ 8 ] [ 9 ] in which a "smooth ...
The equivalent width, on the other hand, "measures the fraction of energy removed from the spectrum by the line," regardless of the broadening intrinsic to the line or a detector with poor resolution. [3] Thus the equivalent width can in many conditions yield the number of absorbing or emitting atoms, by using the curve of growth. [1]
The curve of growth describes the dependence of the equivalent width , which is an effective measure of the strength of a feature in a emission or absorption spectrum, on the column density .
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy is a potent refinement of ordinary photoemission spectroscopy. Light of frequency ν {\displaystyle \nu } made up of photons of energy h ν {\displaystyle h\nu } , where h {\displaystyle h} is the Planck constant , is used to stimulate the transitions of electrons from occupied to unoccupied electronic ...
A calibration curve plot showing limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), dynamic range, and limit of linearity (LOL).. In analytical chemistry, a calibration curve, also known as a standard curve, is a general method for determining the concentration of a substance in an unknown sample by comparing the unknown to a set of standard samples of known concentration. [1]
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