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A sinusoidal stress is applied and the strain in the material is measured, allowing one to determine the complex modulus. The temperature of the sample or the frequency of the stress are often varied, leading to variations in the complex modulus; this approach can be used to locate the glass transition temperature [ 1 ] of the material, as well ...
Strain amplitude dependence of storage and loss moduli in filled rubber. The Payne effect is a particular feature of the stress–strain behaviour of rubber, [1] especially rubber compounds containing fillers such as carbon black. [2] It is named after the British rubber scientist A. R. Payne, who made extensive studies of the effect (e.g ...
Sweep frequency response analysis (SFRA) is a method to evaluate the mechanical integrity of core, windings and clamping structures within power transformers by measuring their electrical transfer functions over a wide frequency range.
At constant strain, the stress relaxes faster at the higher temperature. The principle of time-temperature superposition states that the change in temperature from T to T 0 is equivalent to multiplying the time scale by a constant factor a T which is only a function of the two temperatures T and T 0 .
A shaker is a device that excites the object or structure according to its amplified input signal. Several input signals are available for modal testing, but the sine sweep and random frequency vibration profiles are by far the most commonly used signals. Small objects or structures can be attached directly to the shaker table. With some types ...
The stress and strain can be normal, shear, or a mixture, and can also be uniaxial, biaxial, or multiaxial, and can even change with time. The form of deformation can be compression, stretching, torsion, rotation, and so on. If not mentioned otherwise, stress–strain curve typically refers to the relationship between axial normal stress and ...
Stress–strain analysis (or stress analysis) is an engineering discipline that uses many methods to determine the stresses and strains in materials and structures subjected to forces. In continuum mechanics , stress is a physical quantity that expresses the internal forces that neighboring particles of a continuous material exert on each other ...
The (infinitesimal) strain tensor (symbol ) is defined in the International System of Quantities (ISQ), more specifically in ISO 80000-4 (Mechanics), as a "tensor quantity representing the deformation of matter caused by stress. Strain tensor is symmetric and has three linear strain and three shear strain (Cartesian) components."