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The Deutsche Mark (German: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈmaʁk] ⓘ; "German mark"), abbreviated "DM" or "D-Mark" ([ˈdeːˌmaʁk] ⓘ), was the official currency of West Germany from 1948 until 1990 and later the unified Germany from 1990 until the adoption of the euro in 2002.
The introduction of the German mark in 1873 was the culmination of decades-long efforts to unify the various currencies used by the German Confederation. [2] The Zollverein unified in 1838 the Prussian and South German currencies at a fixed rate of 1 Prussian thaler = 1 + 3 ⁄ 4 South German gulden = 16.704 g fine silver.
The German mark was replaced by the euro, first as an accounting currency on 1 January 1999, at a conversion rate of 1.95583 marks per euro. Thereafter, the mark-denominated notes and coins represented the euro at that conversion rate, and remained legal tender until 1 January 2002, when they were replaced by euro notes and coins. Germany mints ...
East German mark East Germany: 1948 1990 Saar franc: Saarland: 1947 1959 Saar mark: Saarland: 1947 1947 Reichsmark Allied-occupied Germany Nazi Germany Weimar Republic: 1924 1948 German Rentenmark Weimar Republic: 1923 1924 German Papiermark Weimar Republic German Empire: 1914 1923 German gold mark German Empire: 1873 1914 Vereinsthaler: North ...
Euro coins and banknotes of various denominations. On 1 January 2002 the euro notes and coins were officially introduced into circulation in many European countries, including Germany, where the Deutsche Mark used to be the official currency. [13] Thus the Deutsche Mark ceased to be legal tender immediately upon
The transition to the euro in Germany involved a three-year period, starting from 1 January 1999, during which the euro existed as "book money". Euro banknotes and coins were introduced on 1 January 2002. [11] This was the earliest date for any member state when the national currency ceased to be legal tender.
German euro coins have three separate designs for the three series of coins. The 1-cent, 2-cent and 5-cent coins were designed by Rolf Lederbogen [ de ] , the design for the 10-cent, 20-cent and 50-cent coins were designed by Reinhard Heinsdorff [ de ] and the 1- and 2-euro coins were done by Heinz Hoyer [ de ] and Sneschana Russewa-Hoyer .
This is a list of commemorative coins issued by the Federal Republic of Germany. For regular coins , see Deutsche Mark and German euro coins . Those prior to 2002 were denominated in Deutsche Marks; subsequent ones have been denominated in euros .