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Additionally, the Ottawa ankle rules indicate whether a foot X-ray series is required. It states that it is indicated if: There is any pain in the midfoot zone; and, Any one of the following: Bone tenderness at the base of the fifth metatarsal (for foot injuries), OR; Bone tenderness at the navicular bone (for foot injuries), OR
The mortise view is an AP x-ray taken with the ankle internally rotated 15-20 degrees since the foot is naturally externally rotated relative to the ankle. [9] In addition to these views, a full-length view of the tibia and fibula may be necessary to evaluate for injuries to the proximal fibula associated with Maisonneuve fractures .
above the level of the ankle joint; tibiofibular syndesmosis disrupted with widening of the distal tibiofibular articulation; medial malleolus fracture or deltoid ligament injury present; unstable: requires ORIF; Categories B and C imply a degree of damage to the syndesmosis itself (which cannot be directly visualised on X-ray).
It is a common injury found in children, occurring in 15% of childhood long bone fractures. [3] This type of fracture and its classification system is named for Robert B. Salter and William H. Harris who created and published this classification system in the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery in 1963.
X-ray of trimalleolar fracture repair with plate and nails. Surgical repair using open reduction and internal fixation is generally required, and because there is no lateral restraint of the foot, the ankle cannot bear any weight while the bone knits. This typically takes six weeks in an otherwise healthy person, but can take as much as twelve ...
Fracture of both sides of the ankle with dislocation as seen on anteroposterior X-ray. (1) fibula, (2) tibia, (arrow) medial malleolus, (arrowhead) lateral malleolus. An ankle fracture is a break of one or more of the bones that make up the ankle joint. [20] Symptoms may include pain, swelling, bruising, and an inability to walk on the injured ...
The Ottawa ankle rule is a simple, widely used rule to help differentiate fractures of the ankle or mid-foot from other ankle injuries that do not require x-ray radiography. It has a sensitivity of nearly 100%, meaning that a patient who tests negative, according to the rule almost certainly does not have an ankle fracture. [ 7 ]
Sinus tarsi syndrome can have a variety of causes. The most common is an inversion (rolling out) ankle sprain, which makes up 70-80% of cases, followed by pronation of the foot, which is responsible for about 20-30% of cases. [3] More rarely, excessive physical activity and other forms of foot trauma/chronic ankle injury are thought to be the ...