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In botany, a staminode is an often rudimentary, sterile or abortive stamen, which means that it does not produce pollen. [ 1 ] [ page needed ] Staminodes are frequently inconspicuous and stamen-like, usually occurring at the inner whorl of the flower, but are also sometimes long enough to protrude from the corolla.
The funnel shaped fused flower petals reach 12–15 millimeters in length and are bright scarlet in color. [3] They are mildly ventricose, inflated, on their undersides and curved upwards. The five lobes at the mouth of the flower are almost equal in size. The staminode is also hairless and slightly expanded towards its end. [5]
The petals are in two threefold circles, with mostly two petals of the outer circle are completely fused. The labellum forms a sac-like structure. The ovary is under constant and one-chambered or three-chambered. Two fertile stamens, a staminode and style are fused into a complex structure.
The flowers are pink in the bud stage, later white and 4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in) in diameter with 5 white, petal-like sepals, the lobes 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) long, and 5 rounded petals, the ligules slightly shorter than the sepals. There is a single staminode, sometimes 3, between each pair of stamens. Flowering occurs from August to October.
The fused flower petals are 15–19 millimeters long, with a tube length of about 6–7 millimters and a width of 4–5.5 millimeters. [3] The sterile staminode is covered in covered in yellow-orange hairs and 8–9 millimeters in length. [3] [2] Flowering may be from May to July in its native habitat, but is occasionally as late as August. [3]
A prominent, often hairy, staminode is the most distinctive feature of this genus, as in these Penstemon eriantherus var. whitedii flowers. They have opposite leaves, partly tube-shaped, and two-lipped flowers and seed capsules. [5] The most distinctive feature of the genus is the prominent staminode, an infertile stamen. [6]
Stamen is the Latin word meaning "thread" (originally thread of the warp, in weaving). [8]Filament derives from classical Latin filum, meaning "thread" [8]; Anther derives from French anthère, [9] from classical Latin anthera, meaning "medicine extracted from the flower" [10] [11] in turn from Ancient Greek ἀνθηρά (anthērá), [9] [11] feminine of ἀνθηρός (anthērós) meaning ...
Floral diagram of Anagallis arvensis. [1]: 307 The dot represents the main axis, green structure below is the subtending bract.Calyx (green arcs) consists of five free sepals; corolla (red arcs) consists of five fused petals.