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Having consolidated the core of Russia under his rule, Ivan III became the first Muscovite ruler to use the title of tsar in his correspondence. [148] He also adopted the title of sovereign of all Russia and competed with his powerful rival, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, for control over the Upper Oka Principalities. [149]
The Grand Duchy of Finland, officially and also translated as the Grand Principality of Finland, [a] was the predecessor state of modern Finland.It existed from 1809 to 1917 as an autonomous state within the Russian Empire.
Born as Princess of Russia; adopted the style of Grand Duchess after her father's headship of the House of Romanov. Maria Vladimirovna: Vladimir Kirillovich: 23 December 1953: Prince Franz Wilhelm of Prussia (m. 1976; div. 1985) Born after the abolition of the monarchy; adopted the style of Grand Duchess of Russia in pretense.
It was the capital of the Grand Duchy of Moscow (or Muscovy) and then the Tsardom of Russia until the capital was moved to Saint Petersburg by Peter the Great. Moscow was the capital of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1918, which then became the Soviet Union (1922 to 1991), and since 1991 has served as capital of the ...
This is a list of those members of the Russian imperial family who bore the title velikiy knjaz (usually translated into English as grand duke, but more accurately grand prince). This courtesy title was borne by the sons and male-line grandsons of the Emperor of all the Russias , along with the style of His Imperial Highness .
Ivan the Terrible transformed the Grand Duchy into the Tsardom of Russia in 1547. However, the death of Ivan's son Feodor I without issue in 1598 created a succession crisis and led Russia into a period of chaos and civil war known as the Time of Troubles , ending with the coronation of Michael Romanov as the first Tsar of the Romanov dynasty ...
The Grand Duchy of Tuscany (1569–1860, part of Italy afterwards). The term "grand duchy" is of relatively late invention, used at first in Western Europe in 1569 in the case of Tuscany, to denote either territories of a particularly mighty duke or territories of significant importance in political, economical or military matters without being of sufficient size or importance to be recognized ...
While the oldest endonyms of the Grand Duchy of Moscow used in its documents were "Rus'" (Русь) and the "Russian land" (Русская земля, Russkaya zemlya), [12] a new form of its name in Russian became common by the 15th century.