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The Grand Duchy of Tuscany (1569–1860, part of Italy afterwards). The term "grand duchy" is of relatively late invention, used at first in Western Europe in 1569 in the case of Tuscany, to denote either territories of a particularly mighty duke or territories of significant importance in political, economical or military matters without being of sufficient size or importance to be recognized ...
In 1867, the Grand Duchy joined the North German Confederation as a result of the Austro-Prussian War and continued relations under the Confederation. Relations further continued when it joined with the German Empire in 1871, but ended with the outbreak of the First World War and the American declaration of war against Germany. [1]
An aborted attempt to create a colony in the Americas, in what is now French Guiana, made by the Grand Duchy of Tuscany in the early 1600s. An attempt to create a colony in the Antilles by an Italian Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller of Malta (then part of Sicily).
The Grand Duchy recognized the United States in 1794 when it received the first U.S. consular agent to serve within the grand duchy, Philip Felicchi who was stationed at Livorno from May 24, 1794, to December 7, 1796. Despite giving recognition to the U.S., the Duchy refused to recognize American consular agents posted in Florence.
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, [b] formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania [c] and also referred to as Poland–Lithuania or the First Polish Republic, [d] [9] [10] was a federative real union [11] between the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, existing from 1569 to 1795.
In 2007, the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of American History and the Virginia Historical Society (VHS) co-organized a traveling exhibition to recount the strategic alliances and violent conflict between European empires (English, Spanish, French) and the Native people living in North America. The exhibition was presented in three ...
The Grand Duchy of Lithuania became a Swedish protectorate, the Polish–Lithuanian regular armies surrendered and the Polish king John II Casimir Vasa fled to the Habsburgs. Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia initially supported the estates in Royal Prussia , but allied with Sweden in return for receiving the Duchy ...
The Duchy opened a consulate in New York City on December 20, 1833, with C.F. Hoyer as Consul. [1] An Extradition Convention was signed on January 30, 1857, by U.S. Minister to the Kingdom of Prussia Peter Dumont Vroom and Baron Marschall de Bieberstein, the Grand Duke of Baden’s Minister at the Court of the King of Prussia. [1]