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A hazard and operability study (HAZOP) is a structured and systematic examination of a complex system, usually a process facility, in order to identify hazards to personnel, equipment or the environment, as well as operability problems that could affect operations efficiency.
A simple element of risk quantification is often introduced in the form of a risk matrix, as in preliminary hazard analysis (PreHA). The selection of the methodology to be used depends on a number of factors, including the complexity of the process, the length of time a process has been in operation and if a PHA has been conducted on the ...
Layers of protection analysis (LOPA) is a technique for evaluating the hazards, risks and layers of protection associated with a system, such as a chemical process plant. . In terms of complexity and rigour LOPA lies between qualitative techniques such as hazard and operability studies (HAZOP) and quantitative techniques such as fault trees and event trees.
The PHA is in turn based on a hazard identification exercise. In the process industries (oil and gas production, refineries, chemical plants, etc.), this exercise is usually a hazard and operability study (HAZOP). The HAZOP usually identifies not only the process hazards of a plant (such as release of hazardous materials due to the process ...
ANSI/GEIA-STD-0010-2009 (Standard Best Practices for System Safety Program Development and Execution) is a demilitarized commercial best practice that uses proven holistic, comprehensive and tailored approaches for hazard prevention, elimination and control. It is centered around the hazard analysis and functional based safety process.
The names, Cyber PHA or Cyber HAZOP, were given to this method because they are similar to process hazard analysis (PHA) or the hazard and operability study (HAZOP) studies that are popular in process safety management, particularly in industries that operate highly hazardous industrial processes (e.g. oil and gas, chemical, etc.).
Preliminary hazard analysis (PHA) Hazard and operability study (HAZOP) Hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) Toxicity assessment; Structured What If Technique (SWIFT) Scenario analysis; Business impact analysis; Root cause analysis; Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) Fault tree analysis; Event tree analysis; Cause and ...
Process safety is an interdisciplinary engineering domain focusing on the study, prevention, and management of large-scale fires, explosions and chemical accidents (such as toxic gas clouds) in process plants or other facilities dealing with hazardous materials, such as refineries and oil and gas (onshore and offshore) production installations.