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Javan myna in flight, showing the distinctive white wing and tail bars. The Javan myna is mainly black. The wings are brownish-black, and the primaries have white bases, displayed in flight as a striking white wing bar, along with a white tail bar. The undertail-coverts are white. There is a short crest on the forehead.
The common hill myna was formally described in 1758 by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae under the current binomial name Gracula religiosa. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The type location is the Indonesian island of Java . [ 5 ]
This genus has representatives in tropical southern Asia from Iran east to southern China and Indonesia.Two species have been introduced widely elsewhere. The common myna has been introduced to South Africa, Israel, Hawaii, North America, Australia and New Zealand, and the crested myna to the Vancouver region of British Columbia.
The mynas (/ ˈ m aɪ n ə /; also spelled mynah) are a group of birds in the starling family (Sturnidae). This is a group of passerine birds which are native to Iran and Southern Asia , especially Afghanistan , India , Pakistan , Bangladesh , Nepal and Sri Lanka .
A 2020 study found that the subspecies G. religiosa miotera or Simeulue hill myna, which is endemic to Simeulue, Indonesia and has not been recognized in recent taxonomic arrangements aside from HBW (Handbook of the Birds of the World), also likely represents a distinct species and was likely driven to extinction in the wild in the late 2010s ...
The Nias hill myna or Nias myna (Gracula robusta) is a member of the starling family. It is an endemic resident of Nias and other nearby islands off western Sumatra . Clements lumps this species with the common hill myna .
The Javan pied myna (Gracupica jalla) is a species of starling in the family Sturnidae. Its Indonesian name is jalak suren . Its plumage is black and white, with a black collar.
PhilPost recommends the use of postal codes in the country and correct addressing. [3] However, most residents do not use, let alone know how to use ZIP codes, and thus the codes are usually omitted. According to PhilPost, the proper use of ZIP codes assists in letter sorting and reduces letter misrouting. [3]