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Tā moko is the permanent marking or tattooing as customarily practised by Māori, the indigenous people of New Zealand. It is one of the five main Polynesian tattoo styles (the other four are Marquesan, Samoan, Tahitian and Hawaiian). [1] Tohunga-tā-moko (tattooists) were considered tapu, or inviolable and sacred. [2]
Moko were expensive to obtain and elaborate moko were usually limited to chiefs and high-ranked warriors. Moreover, the art of moko, the people who created and incised the designs, as well as the moko themselves, were surrounded by strict tapu and protocol. [1]: 1–3 Moko design
New Zealand news website Stuff has described her as being at the "forefront" of the revival of tā moko. [8] She has designed and inked traditional tā moko all over New Zealand, and many customers request her work because she is one of few women who practice the art. [3] [6] [9] She uses modern tools as well as traditional uhi (chisels) carved ...
The art declined in the 19th century following the introduction of Christianity, but in recent decades has undergone a revival. Although modern moko are in traditional styles, most are carried out using modern equipment. Body parts such as the arms, legs and back are popular locations for modern moko, although some are still on the face.
Art historian Ngarino Ellis writes that patterns used in Kipa's tā moko "will be based on Kipa's whakairo (carving) practice, with a modern slant, both in the imagery and the ideas articulated within it". [6]: 26 She continues Kipa is keen to break boundaries and challenge the notion of tradition within Māori culture.
Another commissioned artwork is the frosted window design at the entrance to Burwood Hospital incorporating native kawakawa melding with the Tree of Hippocrates, a legendary plane tree under which the physician was purported to have taught medicine. [2] Two other significant artworks by Manuel are at Tūranga, the main library in Christchurch.
Te Awekotuku has researched and written extensively on the traditional and contemporary practices of tā moko (tattoo) in New Zealand. Her 2007 (re-published in 2011) book Mau Moko: the world of Maori tattoo, co-authored with Linda Waimarie Nikora, was the product of a five-year long research project conducted by the Māori and Psychology Research Unit at the University of Waikato, funded by a ...
Te Maori (or sometimes Te Māori in modern sources) was a landmark exhibition of Māori art (taonga [Note 1]) that toured the United States from 1984 to 1986, and New Zealand as Te Maori: Te Hokinga Mai ('the return home') from 1986 to 1987.