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Lithium nitride is prepared by direct reaction of elemental lithium with nitrogen gas: [2] 6 Li + N 2 → 2 Li 3 N. Instead of burning lithium metal in an atmosphere of nitrogen, a solution of lithium in liquid sodium metal can be treated with N 2. Lithium nitride must be protected from moisture as it reacts violently with water to produce ammonia:
Only one alkali metal nitride is stable, the purple-reddish lithium nitride (Li 3 N), which forms when lithium burns in an atmosphere of N 2. [7] Sodium nitride and potassium nitride has been generated, but remains a laboratory curiosity. The nitrides of the alkaline earth metals that have the formula M 3 N 2 are however numerous.
It can be prepared by metathesis reaction between sodium azide and lithium nitrate or lithium sulfate solutions: NaN 3 + LiNO 3 → LiN 3 + NaNO 3 2 NaN 3 + Li 2 SO 4 → 2 LiN 3 + Na 2 SO 4 [3] It can also be prepared by reacting lithium sulfate with barium azide. Ba(N 3) 2 + Li 2 SO 4 → 2 LiN 3 + BaSO 4 [2]
The third most common use of lithium is in greases. Lithium hydroxide is a strong base, and when heated with a fat, it produces a soap, such as lithium stearate from stearic acid. Lithium soap has the ability to thicken oils, and it is used to manufacture all-purpose, high-temperature lubricating greases. [21] [162] [163]
A mnemonic is a memory aid used to improve long-term memory and make the process of consolidation easier. Many chemistry aspects, rules, names of compounds, sequences of elements, their reactivity, etc., can be easily and efficiently memorized with the help of mnemonics.
The latter two compounds are somewhat difficult to study individually because of the equilibrium between them, although sometimes dinitrogen tetroxide can react by heterolytic fission to nitrosonium and nitrate in a medium with high dielectric constant. Nitrogen dioxide is an acrid, corrosive brown gas.
Lithium nitrate is an inorganic compound with the formula LiNO 3. It is the lithium salt of nitric acid (an alkali metal nitrate ). The salt is deliquescent , absorbing water to form the hydrated form, lithium nitrate trihydrate.
Burning lithium metal produces lithium oxide. Lithium oxide forms along with small amounts of lithium peroxide when lithium metal is burned in the air and combines with oxygen at temperatures above 100 °C: [3] 4Li + O 2 → 2 Li 2 O. Pure Li 2 O can be produced by the thermal decomposition of lithium peroxide, Li 2 O 2, at 450 °C [3] [2] 2 Li ...