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Electric shock — Physiological reaction of a biological organism to the passage of electric current through its body. Ferranti effect — A rise in the amplitude of the AC voltage at the receiving end of a transmission line , compared with the sending-end voltage, due to the capacitance between the conductors, when the receiving end is open ...
The electric field was formally defined as the force exerted per unit charge, but the concept of potential allows for a more useful and equivalent definition: the electric field is the local gradient of the electric potential. Usually expressed in volts per metre, the vector direction of the field is the line of greatest slope of potential, and ...
Contemporary scientists estimated the size of the sunspot (AR1842) [1] which began on May 10—and caused the storm—as 151,000 by 34,000 km (94,000 by 21,000 miles). [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The storm was extensively reported in New York City , which was a center of telegraph activity as a railroad hub. [ 5 ]
The electron was discovered in 1897 by J. J. Thomson, and it was quickly realized that it was the particle (charge carrier) that carried electric currents in electric circuits. In 1900, the first ( classical ) model of electrical conduction, the Drude model , was proposed by Paul Drude , which finally gave a scientific explanation for Ohm's law.
The ampere is an SI base unit and electric current is a base quantity in the International System of Quantities (ISQ). [4]: 15 Electric current is also known as amperage and is measured using a device called an ammeter. [2]: 788 Electric currents create magnetic fields, which are used in motors, generators, inductors, and transformers.
A schematic representation of long distance electric power transmission. From left to right: G=generator, U=step-up transformer, V=voltage at beginning of transmission line, Pt=power entering transmission line, I=current in wires, R=total resistance in wires, Pw=power lost in transmission line, Pe=power reaching the end of the transmission line, D=step-down transformer, C=consumers.
In an electric dipole made of ordinary matter, the positive charge is made of protons and the negative charge is made of electrons, but a magnetic dipole does not have different types of matter creating the north pole and south pole. Instead, the two magnetic poles arise simultaneously from the aggregate effect of all the currents and intrinsic ...
In electricity (electromagnetism), the electric susceptibility (; Latin: susceptibilis "receptive") is a dimensionless proportionality constant that indicates the degree of polarization of a dielectric material in response to an applied electric field. The greater the electric susceptibility, the greater the ability of a material to polarize in ...