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A simple sentence structure contains one independent clause and no dependent clauses. [2] I run. This simple sentence has one independent clause which contains one subject, I, and one verb, run. The girl ran into her bedroom. This simple sentence has one independent clause which contains one subject, girl, and one predicate, ran into her bedroom.
For instance, many nouns in English denote concrete entities, they are pluralized with the suffix -s, and they occur as subjects and objects in clauses. Many verbs denote actions or states, they are conjugated with agreement suffixes (e.g. -s of the third person singular in English), and in English they tend to show up in medial positions of ...
The word grammar often has divergent meanings when used in contexts outside linguistics. It may be used more broadly to include orthographic conventions of written language , such as spelling and punctuation, which are not typically considered part of grammar by linguists; that is, the conventions used for writing a language.
A clause typically contains a subject (a noun phrase) and a predicate (a verb phrase in the terminology used above; that is, a verb together with its objects and complements). A dependent clause also normally contains a subordinating conjunction (or in the case of relative clauses, a relative pronoun, or phrase containing one).
The emphasis can be on the action (verb) itself, as seen in sentences 1, 6 and 7, or it can be on parts other than the action (verb), as seen in sentences 2, 3, 4 and 5. If the emphasis is not on the verb, and the verb has a co-verb (in the above example 'meg'), then the co-verb is separated from the verb, and always follows the verb.
Syntactic theories based on phrase structure typically analyze subject–aux inversion using syntactic movement. In such theories, a sentence with subject–aux inversion has an underlying structure where the auxiliary is embedded deeper in the structure. When the movement rule applies, it moves the auxiliary to the beginning of the sentence. [5]
Ngarrka-ngku man- ERG ka AUX wawirri kangaroo. ABS panti-rni spear- NPAST Ngarrka-ngku ka wawirri panti-rni man-ERG AUX kangaroo.ABS spear-NPAST 'the man is spearing the kangaroo' would be as follows: Constituent structure tree diagram for Warlpiri sentence "the man is spearing the kangaroo" Where S is a non-projected exocentric structure which dominates both heads and phrases with equal ...
Such sentences are more consistent with a theory that takes sentence structure to be relatively flat, lacking a finite verb phrase constituent, i.e. lacking the VP of S → NP VP. In order to maintain the traditional subject–predicate division, one has to assume movement (or copying) on a massive scale. The basic difficulty is suggested by ...