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The rose hip or rosehip, also called rose haw and rose hep, is the accessory fruit of the various species of rose plant. It is typically red to orange, but ranges from dark purple to black in some species. Rose hips begin to form after pollination of flowers in spring or early summer, and ripen in late summer through autumn.
The seeds of M. uniflora are small, ranging between 0.6–0.8 mm (3 ⁄ 128 – 1 ⁄ 32 in) in length. [8] Once the plant has been pollinated, the seeds are pushed through the petals in a tiny slit and dispersed via wind methods. Unlike most plants, it is white and does not contain chlorophyll. [9]
The plant grows as a 3m tall shrubby herb [6] at 1600–2000 m altitude in Ethiopia. [7] It has hairy leaves and small flowers that are purple or pink. [8] Other common names include kosearut, [9] lemon herb, [10] butter clarifying herb, [11] Gambey tea bush, [12] and Gambia(n) tea bush, [2] [3] [13] although the latter can also apply to Lippia ...
The dried flowers and flower buds are used as a substitute for tea in case of diabetes patients. It is also believed to improve the complexion. The powdered seed is also applied to the eye, in case of chronic purulent conjunctivitis. In Africa the bark and seeds are said to give relief in rheumatism, eye diseases, gonorrhea, diabetes and gout. [2]
The young flowers are also edible (being made into jelly in the Yukon) [15] and the stems of older plants can be split to extract the edible raw pith. [16] The root can be roasted after scraping off the outside, but often tastes bitter. To mitigate this, the root is collected before the plant flowers and the brown thread in the middle removed. [17]
The flowers are borne in panicles, clustered along the rachis. Producing pink or white flowers from spring to autumn, it forms underground tubers and large rootstocks. It is a prolific seed producer. The seeds float on water. The fruit and seeds are eaten and spread by a wide range of animals such as pigs, racoons and birds.
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