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DNA-dispersed repeats were increasingly recognized as a potential source of genetic variation and regulation. Discoveries of deleterious repetitive DNA-related diseases stimulated further interest in this area of study. [6] In the 2000s, the data from full eukaryotic genome sequencing enabled the identification of different promoters, enhancers ...
Here, the single-stranded DNA curls around in a long circle, stabilized by telomere-binding proteins. [26] At the very end of the T-loop, the single-stranded telomere DNA is held onto a region of double-stranded DNA by the telomere strand disrupting the double-helical DNA, and base pairing to one of the two strands.
Highly repetitive DNA consists of short stretches of DNA that are repeated many times in tandem (one after the other). The repeat segments are usually between 2 bp and 10 bp but longer ones are known. Highly repetitive DNA is rare in prokaryotes but common in eukaryotes, especially those with large genomes. It is sometimes called satellite DNA.
TERT has a 'mitten' structure that allows it to wrap around the chromosome to add single-stranded telomere repeats. TERT is a reverse transcriptase, which is a class of enzymes that creates single-stranded DNA using single-stranded RNA as a template. An image illustrating how telomerase elongates telomere ends progressively
The instability results from the tendency of inverted repeats to fold into hairpin- or cruciform-like DNA structures. These special structures can hinder or confuse DNA replication and other genomic activities. [7] Thus, inverted repeats lead to special configurations in both RNA and DNA that can ultimately cause mutations and disease. [9]
A single strand of DNA from each individual is displayed in which there is tandem repeat sequence that the individuals share. The sequence presence is a VNTR because one individual has five repeats, while the other has seven repeats (number of repeats varies in different individuals).
Telomeric repeat–containing RNA (TERRA) is a long non-coding RNA transcribed from telomeres - repetitive nucleotide regions found on the ends of chromosomes that function to protect DNA from deterioration or fusion with neighboring chromosomes. TERRA has been shown to be ubiquitously expressed in almost all cell types containing linear ...
C 0 t analysis, a technique based on the principles of DNA reassociation kinetics, is a biochemical technique that measures how much repetitive DNA is in a DNA sample such as a genome. [1] It is used to study genome structure and organization and has also been used to simplify the sequencing of genomes that contain large amounts of repetitive ...