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The species–area relationship or species–area curve describes the relationship between the area of a habitat, or of part of a habitat, and the number of species found within that area. Larger areas tend to contain larger numbers of species, and empirically, the relative numbers seem to follow systematic mathematical relationships. [ 1 ]
n 0 is the number of species in the modal bin (the peak of the curve) n is the number of species in bins R distant from the modal bin a is a constant derived from the data. It is then possible to predict how many species are in the community by calculating the total area under the curve (N): =
Example Bjerrum plot: Change in carbonate system of seawater from ocean acidification.. A Bjerrum plot (named after Niels Bjerrum), sometimes also known as a Sillén diagram (after Lars Gunnar Sillén), or a Hägg diagram (after Gunnar Hägg) [1] is a graph of the concentrations of the different species of a polyprotic acid in a solution, as a function of pH, [2] when the solution is at ...
In ecology, rarefaction is a technique to assess species richness from the results of sampling. Rarefaction allows the calculation of species richness for a given number of individual samples, based on the construction of so-called rarefaction curves. This curve is a plot of the number of species as a function of the number of samples.
When plotted as a histogram of number (or percent) of species on the y-axis vs. abundance on an arithmetic x-axis, the classic hyperbolic J-curve or hollow curve is produced, indicating a few very abundant species and many rare species. [2] The SAD is central prediction of the Unified neutral theory of biodiversity.
Inverted logistic S-curve to model the relation between wheat yield and soil salinity. Many natural processes, such as those of complex system learning curves, exhibit a progression from small beginnings that accelerates and approaches a climax over time. When a specific mathematical model is lacking, a sigmoid function is often used.
This is a list of Wikipedia articles about curves used in different fields: mathematics ... Species–area curve; See also. Gallery of curves; List of curves topics;
In ecology, the occupancy–abundance (O–A) relationship is the relationship between the abundance of species and the size of their ranges within a region. This relationship is perhaps one of the most well-documented relationships in macroecology, and applies both intra- and interspecifically (within and among species).