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The American elm is a deciduous tree which, under ideal conditions, can grow to heights of 21 to 35 meters (69 to 115 feet). [3] The trunk may have a diameter at breast height (dbh) of more than 1.2 m (4 ft), supporting a high, spreading umbrella-like canopy.
Tree Family Ulmaceae Archived 4 January 2015 at the Wayback Machine Diagnostic photos of Elm species at the Morton Arboretum "Late 19th and early 20th-century photos of Elm species in Elwes & Henry's Trees of Great Britain & Ireland, v. 7" (PDF). 1913. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016 "Elm Photo Gallery".
The tree succumbed to Dutch elm disease and was felled in 1968. A ring count established that it had begun life in the year 1701. [61] The "Great Elm Tree" at Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts is believed to have been standing for at least 200 years. It is being well cared for and receives regular treatments for Dutch elm disease.
The wood of the rock elm is the hardest and heaviest of all elms, and where forest-grown remains comparatively free of knots and other defects. It is also very strong and takes a high polish, and consequently was once in great demand in America and Europe for a wide range of uses, notably boatbuilding, furniture, agricultural tools, and musical instruments.
American elm is a vase-shaped, medium to large, deciduous tree. [4] The tree can grow to greater than 30 m in height, and is distinguished by its dense, symmetrical, upright form and dark green foliage, ultimately forming a broad umbrella crown. Crotch angles can be acute, with considerable bark inclusion which can later lead to branch breakages.
Ulmus parvifolia, commonly known as the Chinese elm [2] or lacebark elm, is a species native to eastern Asia, including China, India, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, [3] Siberia and Kazakhstan. [4] It has been described as "one of the most splendid elms, having the poise of a graceful Nothofagus". [5] Chinese elm as bonsai during spring growing season.
The 'dwarf' elm cultivar Ulmus 'Jacqueline Hillier' ('JH') is an elm of uncertain origin. It was cloned from a specimen found in a private garden in Selly Park , Birmingham , England, in 1966. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The garden's owner told Hillier that it might have been introduced from outside the country by a relative. [ 4 ]
The tree is named for Christine Buisman, the first full-time elm researcher (1927-1936) in the Netherlands, who provided the final proof that Graphium ulmi Schwarz (now: Ophiostoma ulmi (Buisman) Melin & Nannf.) was the causal agent of Dutch elm disease. Buisman died in 1936, aged 36. [citation needed]