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The concept of magic numbers in the field of chemistry refers to a specific property (such as stability) for only certain representatives among a distribution of structures. It was first recognized by inspecting the intensity of mass-spectrometric signals of rare gas cluster ions. [ 1 ]
A graph of isotope stability, with some of the magic numbers. In nuclear physics, a magic number is a number of nucleons (either protons or neutrons, separately) such that they are arranged into complete shells within the atomic nucleus. As a result, atomic nuclei with a "magic" number of protons or neutrons are much more stable than other nuclei.
Magic number (chemistry), number of atoms or molecules forming an exceptionally stable cluster Magic number (physics) , the number of nucleons that results in completely filled nuclear shells Magic number (programming) , either a unique identifier or a literal with unexplained meaning
The numbers of nucleons for which shells are filled are called magic numbers. Magic numbers of 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82 and 126 have been observed for neutrons, and the next number is predicted to be 184. [6] [27] Protons share the first six of these magic numbers, [28] and 126 has been predicted as a magic proton number since the 1940s. [29]
where N is the number of metal atoms (A) in the core, v is the atomic valence, M is the number of electron withdrawing ligands, and z is the overall charge on the complex. [19] For example the Au 102 (p-MBA) 44 has 58 electrons and corresponds to a closed shell magic number.
The magic number is the total number of outcomes that have to go right for a team to secure a playoff spot. Right now, that means any combination of Brewers wins or losses by the second-place team ...
Some semi-magic numbers have been found, notably Z = 40, which gives the nuclear shell filling for the various elements; 16 may also be a magic number. [3] To get these numbers, the nuclear shell model starts with an average potential with a shape somewhere between the square well and the harmonic oscillator. To this potential, a spin-orbit ...
The Brewers' 15-8 win over the Arizona Diamondbacks moved Milwaukee's magic number to clinch the National League Central Division to three.