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A brushless DC electric motor (BLDC), also known as an electronically commutated motor, is a synchronous motor using a direct current (DC) electric power supply. It uses an electronic controller to switch DC currents to the motor windings producing magnetic fields that effectively rotate in space and which the permanent magnet rotor follows.
It is also known as short-circuit test (because it is the mechanical analogy of a transformer short-circuit test), [1] locked rotor test or stalled torque test. [2] From this test, short-circuit current at normal voltage , power factor on short circuit, total leakage reactance , and starting torque of the motor can be found.
For example, an unloaded motor of = 5,700 rpm/V supplied with 11.1 V will run at a nominal speed of 63,270 rpm (= 5,700 rpm/V × 11.1 V). The motor may not reach this theoretical speed because there are non-linear mechanical losses.
The stationary (stator) windings of an outrunner motor are excited by conventional DC brushless motor controllers. A direct current (switched on and off at high frequency for voltage modulation) is typically passed through three or more non-adjacent windings together, and the group so energized is alternated electronically based upon rotor position feedback.
An implementation is described in a whitepaper by Zilog on an ebike hub motor controller [5] for a 200 W, 24 V brushless DC electric (BLDC) motor. [6] P.A.S or PAS may appear within the list of components of electric conversion kits for bicycles, which implies Pedal Assistance Sensor or sometimes Pulse Pedal Assistance Sensor. Pulse usually ...
Nevertheless, BLDC motors have come to dominate many applications: Consumer devices such as computer hard drives, CD/DVD players, and PC cooling fans use BLDC motors almost exclusively. Low speed, low power brushless DC motors are used in direct-drive turntables. High power BLDC motors are found in electric vehicles and some industrial machinery.
In vector control, an AC induction or synchronous motor is controlled under all operating conditions like a separately excited DC motor. [21] That is, the AC motor behaves like a DC motor in which the field flux linkage and armature flux linkage created by the respective field and armature (or torque component) currents are orthogonally aligned such that, when torque is controlled, the field ...
Bipolar toy motor of 1948. Note the three-pole rotor with a bipolar field. A bipolar electric motor is an electric motor with only two (hence bi-) poles to its stationary field. [1] They are an example of the simple brushed DC motor, with a commutator. This field may be generated by either a permanent magnet or a field coil.
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