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Initially, paper was ruled by hand, sometimes using templates. [1] Scribes could rule their paper using a "hard point," a sharp implement which left embossed lines on the paper without any ink or color, [2] or could use "metal point," an implement which left colored marks on the paper, much like a graphite pencil, though various other metals were used.
A paper-ruling machine is a device for ruling paper. In 1770, John Tetlow was awarded a patent for a "machine for ruling paper for music and other purposes." [1] William Orville Hickok invented an "improved ruling machine" in the mid-19th century. [2] As the device is designed for drawing lines on paper, it can produce tables and ruled paper.
The C-Thru Ruler Company is an American maker of measuring devices and specialized products for drafting, designing and drawing. The company was formed in 1939 in Bloomfield, Connecticut , [ 1 ] by Jennie R. Zachs, a schoolteacher, who saw the need for transparent measuring tools such as rulers , triangles , curves and protractors .
A variety of rulers A carpenter's rule Retractable flexible rule or tape measure A closeup of a steel ruler A ruler in combination with a letter scale. A ruler, sometimes called a rule, scale or a line gauge or metre/meter stick, is an instrument used to make length measurements, whereby a length is read from a series of markings called "rules" along an edge of the device. [1]
A rolling ruler is a ruler that contains a cylinder much like a rolling pin inside, thereby enabling it to "roll" along a sheet of paper or other surface where it is being used. A rolling ruler can draw straight, parallel lines, and also has other instruments included, enabling it to do the jobs of a protractor and compass .
[6]: 35–36 A drafting machine allows easy drawing of parallel lines over the paper. The adjustable angle between the rulers allows the lines to be drawn in varying accurate angles. Rulers may also be used as a support for separate special rulers and letter templates. The rules are replaceable and they can be for example scale-rules.
For example, using a compass, straightedge, and a piece of paper on which we have the parabola y=x 2 together with the points (0,0) and (1,0), one can construct any complex number that has a solid construction. Likewise, a tool that can draw any ellipse with already constructed foci and major axis (think two pins and a piece of string) is just ...
A scale ruler is a tool for measuring lengths and transferring measurements at a fixed ratio of length; two common examples are an architect's scale and engineer's scale. In scientific and engineering terminology, a device to measure linear distance and create proportional linear measurements is called a scale.