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Marine algae can be divided into six groups: green, red and brown algae, euglenophytes, dinoflagellates and diatoms. Dinoflagellates and diatoms are important components of marine algae and have their own sections below. Euglenophytes are a phylum of unicellular flagellates with only a few marine members. Not all algae are microscopic.
The spores of freshwater algae are dispersed mainly by running water and wind, as well as by living carriers. [83] However, not all bodies of water can carry all species of algae, as the chemical composition of certain water bodies limits the algae that can survive within them. [83] Marine spores are often spread by ocean currents.
A nitroplast is an organelle found in certain species of algae, particularly in the marine algae Braarudosphaera bigelowii. [1] It plays a crucial role in nitrogen fixation , a process previously thought to be exclusive to bacteria and archaea .
These algae then invaded the land and started evolving into the land plants we know today. Later in the Cretaceous some of these land plants returned to the sea as mangroves and seagrasses. These are found along coasts in intertidal regions and in the brackish water of estuaries. In addition, some seagrasses, like seaweeds, can be found at ...
Chlorophyta (green algae), mostly unicellular algae found in fresh water. [44] The chlorophyta are of particular importance because they are believed to be most closely related to the evolution of land plants. [45] Diatoms, unicellular algae that have siliceous cell walls. [46] They are the most abundant form of algae in the ocean, although ...
Green, red and brown algae all have multicellular macroscopic forms that make up the familiar seaweeds. Green algae , an informal group, contains about 8,000 recognised species. [ 49 ] Many species live most of their lives as single cells or are filamentous, while others form colonies made up from long chains of cells, or are highly ...
Brown algae Commercial crop 543.4 Mb Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Institutes of Life Science 2015 [62] The Greenhouse [15] Thalassiosira oceanica CCMP 1005 Model organism 92.2 Mb 34,642 The Future Ocean: 2012 [63] The Greenhouse [15] Thalassiosira pseudonana: model organism 32.4 Mb 11,673 Diatom Consortium: 2009 [64] The Greenhouse [15]
"The findings break from the traditional interpretation of marine ecology found in textbooks, which states that nearly all sunlight in the ocean is captured by chlorophyll in algae. Instead, rhodopsin-equipped bacteria function like hybrid cars, powered by organic matter when available—as most bacteria are—and by sunlight when nutrients are ...