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In humans, the mandible, or lower jaw, is connected to the temporal bone of the skull via the temporomandibular joint. This is an extremely complex joint which permits movement in all planes. The muscles of mastication originate on the skull and insert into the mandible, thereby allowing for jaw movements during contraction.
The lateral pterygoid muscle (or external pterygoid muscle) is a muscle of mastication. It has two heads. It lies superior to the medial pterygoid muscle. It is supplied by pterygoid branches of the maxillary artery, and the lateral pterygoid nerve (from the mandibular nerve, CN V 3). It depresses and protrudes the mandible. When each muscle ...
Contraction of the lateral pterygoid acts to pull the disc and condyle forward within the glenoid fossa and down the articular eminence; thus, the action of this muscle serves to protrude the jaw, it with the assistance of gravity, and the digastricus muscle also opens the jaw. The other three muscles close the mouth; the masseter and the ...
The temporalis muscle is covered by the temporal fascia, also known as the temporal aponeurosis. This fascia is commonly used in tympanoplasty, or surgical reconstruction of the eardrum. The temporalis muscle is accessible on the temples, and can be seen and felt contracting while the jaw is clenching and unclenching.
Note that in this mouth the lower wisdom teeth have been removed, slightly changing the shape of the pterygomandibular ligaments that usually curve and attach to the mandible around them. The pterygomandibular raphe is a tendinous band [2] [3] formed by the buccopharyngeal fascia. It is a paired structure, with one on each side of the mouth. [3]
Pain reported by the subject in response to palpation of 3 of the following muscle sites (right side and left side count as a separate sites for each muscle): posterior temporalis, middle temporalis, anterior temporalis, origin of masseter, insertion of masseter, posterior mandibular region, submandibular region, lateral pterygoid area, and ...
A smaller temporalis muscle can actually indicate sarcopenia, which is the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength. “Systemic sarcopenia “is often linked to frailty, reduced mobility, and ...
head, mouth (left/right) tubercle of mandible: modiolus of mouth: facial artery: facial nerve [CNVII], mandibular branch: depresses angle of mouth (frown) levator anguli oris: 2 1 transversus menti: head, mouth (left/right) continuation of depressor anguli oris muscles other side of depressor anguli oris muscles facial artery