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  2. Haloalkane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haloalkane

    Haloalkane or alkyl halides are the compounds which have the general formula "RX" where R is an alkyl or substituted alkyl group and X is a halogen (F, Cl, Br, I). Haloalkanes have been known for centuries. Chloroethane was produced in the 15th century. The systematic synthesis of such compounds developed in the 19th century in step with the ...

  3. Wurtz reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wurtz_reaction

    In organic chemistry, the Wurtz reaction, named after Charles Adolphe Wurtz, is a coupling reaction in which two alkyl halides are treated with sodium metal to form a higher alkane. 2 R−X + 2 Na → R−R + 2 NaX. The reaction is of little value except for intramolecular versions, such as 1,6-dibromohexane + 2 Na → cyclohexane + 2 NaBr.

  4. Williamson ether synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williamson_ether_synthesis

    In order for the S N 2 reaction to take place there must be a good leaving group which is strongly electronegative, commonly a halide. [4] In the Williamson ether reaction there is an alkoxide ion (RO −) which acts as the nucleophile, attacking the electrophilic carbon with the leaving group, which in most cases is an alkyl tosylate or an ...

  5. 2-Chlorobutane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-Chlorobutane

    This is because 2-chlorobutane possesses two different sets of β-hydrogens at the first and third carbons respectively, resulting in 1-butene or 2-butene. It is important to note that as a secondary alkyl halide, both E2 and Sn2 reactions are equally likely when reacting with a substance that can act as both a base and a nucleophile.

  6. Wurtz–Fittig reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wurtz–Fittig_reaction

    The Wurtz–Fittig reaction is the chemical reaction of an aryl halide, alkyl halides, and sodium metal to give substituted aromatic compounds. [1] Following the work of Charles Adolphe Wurtz on the sodium-induced coupling of alkyl halides (the Wurtz reaction), Wilhelm Rudolph Fittig extended the approach to the coupling of an alkyl halide with an aryl halide.

  7. Corey–House synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corey–House_synthesis

    The scope of the Corey-House synthesis is exceptionally broad, and a range of lithium diorganylcuprates (R 2 CuLi, R = 1°, 2°, or 3° alkyl, aryl, or alkenyl) and organyl (pseudo)halides (RX, R = methyl, benzylic, allylic, 1°, or cyclic 2° alkyl, aryl, or alkenyl and X = Br, I, OTs, or OTf; X = Cl is marginal) will undergo coupling as the nucleophilic and electrophilic coupling partners ...

  8. Alkyl group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkyl_group

    In chemistry, alkyl is a group, a substituent, that is attached to other molecular fragments. For example, alkyl lithium reagents have the empirical formula Li(alkyl), where alkyl = methyl, ethyl, etc. A dialkyl ether is an ether with two alkyl groups, e.g., diethyl ether O(CH 2 CH 3) 2.

  9. Halide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halide

    radii of common halogen atoms (gray/black) and the corresponding halide anions (blue) In chemistry, a halide (rarely halogenide [1]) is a binary chemical compound, of which one part is a halogen atom and the other part is an element or radical that is less electronegative (or more electropositive) than the halogen, to make a fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, astatide, or theoretically ...