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  2. Markov chain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markov_chain

    D. G. Champernowne built a Markov chain model of the distribution of income in 1953. [93] Herbert A. Simon and co-author Charles Bonini used a Markov chain model to derive a stationary Yule distribution of firm sizes. [94] Louis Bachelier was the first to observe that stock prices followed a random walk. [95]

  3. Matrix analytic method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_analytic_method

    In probability theory, the matrix analytic method is a technique to compute the stationary probability distribution of a Markov chain which has a repeating structure (after some point) and a state space which grows unboundedly in no more than one dimension.

  4. Stationary distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stationary_distribution

    Stationary distribution may refer to: . Discrete-time Markov chain § Stationary distributions and continuous-time Markov chain § Stationary distribution, a special distribution for a Markov chain such that if the chain starts with its stationary distribution, the marginal distribution of all states at any time will always be the stationary distribution.

  5. Markov Chains and Mixing Times - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markov_Chains_and_Mixing_Times

    A family of Markov chains is said to be rapidly mixing if the mixing time is a polynomial function of some size parameter of the Markov chain, and slowly mixing otherwise. This book is about finite Markov chains, their stationary distributions and mixing times, and methods for determining whether Markov chains are rapidly or slowly mixing. [1] [4]

  6. Discrete-time Markov chain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete-time_Markov_chain

    A Markov chain with two states, A and E. In probability, a discrete-time Markov chain (DTMC) is a sequence of random variables, known as a stochastic process, in which the value of the next variable depends only on the value of the current variable, and not any variables in the past.

  7. Kelly's lemma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelly's_lemma

    In probability theory, Kelly's lemma states that for a stationary continuous-time Markov chain, a process defined as the time-reversed process has the same stationary distribution as the forward-time process. [1] The theorem is named after Frank Kelly. [2] [3] [4] [5]

  8. Markov chain tree theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markov_chain_tree_theorem

    In the mathematical theory of Markov chains, the Markov chain tree theorem is an expression for the stationary distribution of a Markov chain with finitely many states. It sums up terms for the rooted spanning trees of the Markov chain, with a positive combination for each tree.

  9. Markov information source - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markov_information_source

    Markov sources also occur in natural language processing, where they are used to represent hidden meaning in a text. Given the output of a Markov source, whose underlying Markov chain is unknown, the task of solving for the underlying chain is undertaken by the techniques of hidden Markov models, such as the Viterbi algorithm.