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  2. Coal oil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_oil

    James Young's Addiewell Works in West Lothian. The term was in use by the late 18th century for oil produced as a by-product of the production of coal gas and coal tar. [6] In the early 19th century, it was discovered that coal oil distilled from cannel coal could be used in lamps as an illuminant, although the early coal oil burned with a smokey flame, so that it was used only for outdoor ...

  3. Shale oil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shale_oil

    Shale oil is an unconventional oil produced from oil shale rock fragments by pyrolysis, hydrogenation, or thermal dissolution. These processes convert the organic matter within the rock ( kerogen ) into synthetic oil and gas .

  4. Shale oil extraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shale_oil_extraction

    Other ways of improving the economics of shale oil extraction could be to increase the size of the operation to achieve economies of scale, use oil shale that is a by-product of coal mining such as at Fushun China, produce specialty chemicals as by Viru Keemia Grupp in Estonia, co-generate electricity from the waste heat and process high grade ...

  5. Cannel coal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannel_coal

    Cannel coal from the Pennsylvanian of NE Ohio. Cannel coal or candle coal is a type of bituminous coal, [1] also classified as terrestrial type oil shale. [2] [3] [4] Due to its physical morphology and low mineral content cannel coal is considered to be coal but by its texture and composition of the organic matter it is considered to be oil shale. [5]

  6. Coal liquefaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_liquefaction

    A modification of this process, the COGAS Process, involves the addition of gasification of char. [11] The TOSCOAL Process, an analogue to the TOSCO II oil shale retorting process and Lurgi–Ruhrgas process, which is also used for the shale oil extraction, uses hot recycled solids for the heat transfer. [11]

  7. Shale drilling techniques could lead to a geothermal surge ...

    www.aol.com/shale-drilling-techniques-could-lead...

    The shale drilling techniques that led to a boom in oil and gas output have also spurred the development of geothermal, which in theory could provide a stable source of power equal to the demand ...

  8. Organic-rich sedimentary rocks - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic-rich_sedimentary_rocks

    [1] [2] The most common types include coal, lignite, oil shale, or black shale. [2] The organic material may be disseminated throughout the rock giving it a uniform dark color, and/or it may be present as discrete occurrences of tar, bitumen, asphalt, petroleum, coal or carbonaceous material.

  9. Oil, gas, and coal demand to peak before 2030 as clean ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/finance/oil-gas-coal-demand-peak...

    The International Energy Agency says the share of coal, oil, and natural gas in global energy supply, stuck for decades around 80%, will start to edge downward and reach 73% by 2030.