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A stalked crinoid (white) and a comatulid (red) in deep sea, showing the differences between these two sister groups. Most modern crinoids, i.e., the feather stars, are free-moving and lack a stem as adults. Examples of fossil crinoids that have been interpreted as free-swimming include Marsupites, Saccocoma and Uintacrinus. [23]
Articulata are a subclass or superorder within the class Crinoidea, including all living crinoid species. They are commonly known as sea lilies (stalked crinoids) or feather stars (unstalked crinoids). The Articulata are differentiated from the extinct subclasses by their lack of an anal plate in the adult stage and the presence of an ...
Pentacrinites is an extinct genus of crinoids that lived from the Hettangian to the Bathonian of Asia, Europe, North America, and New Zealand.Their stems are pentagonal to star-shaped in cross-section and are the most commonly preserved parts. [1]
Allionia [wiki link is to a plant, not the crinoid] Michelotti 1861 A. oblita Michelotti, 1861 Antedonidae (Heliometrinae) extinct Neogene (Miocene) Italy [64]: 354 [20]: 135 Allocatillocrinus. Wanner 1937 Allagecrinus carpenteri Wachsmuth, 1882 Allagecrinidae extinct Mississippian (Viséan-Serpukhovian) & Permian (Artinskian)
Pentacrinoidea includes most major crinoid groups, such as the living Articulata and extinct Flexibilia (together forming the parvclass Cladida) as well as the extinct Disparida. It is a stem-based taxon , defined as including all crinoids closer to Pentacrinites (a Jurassic articulate) or Apektocrinus (an Early Ordovician cladid ) than to ...
Although these crinoids are usually sessile, they have been seen to drag themselves across the seabed with the help of their arms. [4] The sea lilies are nearly all found at depths greater than 200 metres (660 ft) although Metacrinus rotundus (a member of a different order) is found off the coast of Japan at a depth of only 100 metres (330 ft).
Disparida is an parvclass of extinct marine animals in the class Crinoidea. [2] [3] [1] Disparids are a speciose and morphologically diverse group of crinoids distinguished by their monocyclic calyx and slender arms without pinnules.
Crinozoa is a subphylum of mostly sessile echinoderms, of which the crinoids, or sea lilies and feather stars, are the only extant members. [1] [2] Crinozoans have an extremely extensive fossil history. [citation needed]