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Intercultural communication is a discipline that studies communication across different cultures and social groups, or how culture affects communication.It describes the wide range of communication processes and problems that naturally appear within an organization or social context made up of individuals from different religious, social, ethnic, and educational backgrounds.
The Society for Intercultural Education, Training and Research (SIETAR) was founded in 1974 as an interdisciplinary network for trainers and researchers in the area of intercultural and cross-cultural communication. [1] As of 2004, SIETAR had a network of national and regional professional networks with more than 3,000 members worldwide. [1]
Improvements in communication and transportation technology have made it possible for previously stable cultures to meet in unstructured situations, e.g. the internet opens lines of communication without mediation, while airlines transplant the citizens from different countries into unfamiliar milieux. Experience proves merely crossing cultural ...
Cultural competence, also known as intercultural competence, is a range of cognitive, affective, behavioural, and linguistic skills that lead to effective and appropriate communication with people of other cultures. Intercultural or cross-cultural education are terms used for the training to achieve cultural competence.
Intercultural distinguishes itself from the term cross-cultural by asserting a contextually rich interpretative process which emphasizes interactions between and among culturally-diverse individuals. Conversely, cross-cultural communication is interested in studying how specific concepts, such as time or masculinity, are expressed and ...
Bennett developed the framework of the model to show the intercultural sensitivity a person may experience. Intercultural sensitivity is defined as an individual's ability to develop emotion towards understanding and appreciating cultural differences that promotes appropriate and effective behavior in intercultural communication" [32] [4]
Intercultural dialogue has been used as a tool for increasing understanding in contexts where misunderstandings typically occur. For example, the European Agency for Culture was established by EU members to coordinate intercultural dialogue activities, "focussing on the integration of migrants and refugees in societies through the arts and culture". [4]
In the context of intercultural learning, it is important to be aware of different subcategories of culture, such as "little c" and "big C" culture.While the latter one is also called "objective culture" or "formal culture" referring to institutions, big figures in history, literature, etc., the first one, the "subjective culture", is concerned with the less tangible aspects of a culture, like ...