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Northern American English or Northern U.S. English (also, Northern AmE) is a class of historically related American English dialects, spoken by predominantly white Americans, [1] in much of the Great Lakes region and some of the Northeast region within the United States.
Regional dialects in North America are historically the most strongly differentiated along the Eastern seaboard, due to distinctive speech patterns of urban centers of the American East Coast like Boston, New York City, and certain Southern cities, all of these accents historically noted by their London-like r-dropping (called non-rhoticity), a feature gradually receding among younger ...
Linguists often characterize the northwestern Great Lakes region's dialect separately as North-Central American English. The early 20th-century accent of the Inland North was the basis for the term " General American ", [ 6 ] [ 7 ] though the regional accent has since altered, due to the Northern Cities Vowel Shift : its now-defining chain ...
North American English encompasses the English language as spoken in both the United States and Canada. Because of their related histories and cultures, [ 2 ] plus the similarities between the pronunciations (accents), vocabulary, and grammar of U.S. English and Canadian English , linguists often group the two together.
Many of these countries, while retaining strong British English or American English influences, have developed their own unique dialects, which include Indian English and Philippine English. Chief among other native English dialects are Canadian English and Australian English , which rank third and fourth in the number of native speakers . [ 4 ]
The distinction between the North and South Midland regions is that the South Midland shows a tendency for extra features usually associated with Southern American dialects: notably, strong /oʊ/ fronting, a pin–pen merger, and a glide weakening of /aɪ/ before sonorant consonants
The Atlas of North American English: Phonetics, Phonology and Sound Change (abbreviated ANAE; formerly, the Phonological Atlas of North America) is a 2006 book that presents an overview of the pronunciation patterns in all the major dialect regions of the English language as spoken in urban areas of the United States and Canada.
North-Central American English is an American English dialect, or dialect in formation, native to the Upper Midwestern United States, an area that somewhat overlaps with speakers of the separate Inland Northern dialect situated more in the eastern Great Lakes region. [1]