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Homonym (biology) – Scientific name that is identical in spelling to a name with a different type; Integrated Taxonomic Information System – Authoritative taxonomic information on plants, animals, fungi, and microbes; International Code of Zoological Nomenclature – Code of scientific nomenclature for animals
Also called functionalism. The Darwinian view that many or most physiological and behavioral traits of organisms are adaptations that have evolved for specific functions or for specific reasons (as opposed to being byproducts of the evolution of other traits, consequences of biological constraints, or the result of random variation). adaptive radiation The simultaneous or near-simultaneous ...
Edward Hitchcock's fold-out paleontological chart in his 1840 Elementary Geology. Although tree-like diagrams have long been used to organise knowledge, and although branching diagrams known as claves ("keys") were omnipresent in eighteenth-century natural history, it appears that the earliest tree diagram of natural order was the 1801 "Arbre botanique" (Botanical Tree) of the French ...
The idea of a tree of life arose from ancient notions of a ladder-like progression from lower into higher forms of life (such as in the Great Chain of Being).Early representations of "branching" phylogenetic trees include a "paleontological chart" showing the geological relationships among plants and animals in the book Elementary Geology, by Edward Hitchcock (first edition: 1840).
List of eponymous laws (overlaps with this list but includes non-scientific laws such as Murphy's law) List of legislation named for a person; List of laws in science; Lists of etymologies; Scientific constants named after people; Scientific phenomena named after people; Stigler's law of eponymy
Scientific method: observation – research question – hypothesis – testability – prediction – experiment – data – statistics; Scientific theory – scientific law; Research method. List of research methods in biology; Scientific literature List of biology journals: peer review
Evolutionary taxonomy, evolutionary systematics or Darwinian classification is a branch of biological classification that seeks to classify organisms using a combination of phylogenetic relationship (shared descent), progenitor-descendant relationship (serial descent), and degree of evolutionary change.
The basic mechanisms of evolution are applied directly or indirectly to come up with novel designs or solve problems that are difficult to solve otherwise. The research generated in these applied fields, contribute towards progress, especially from work on evolution in computer science and engineering fields such as mechanical engineering. [5]