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Cologne was an important military target, being a heavily industrialized city with many factories producing war supplies [citation needed] and the city had a large railway network, used for the transportation of troops and weapons. A total of 34,711 long tons of bombs were dropped on Cologne, with the last air raid carried out on 2 March 1945. [2]
A ruined Cologne in 1945. The German city of Cologne was bombed in 262 separate air raids [1] by the Allies during World War II, all by the Royal Air Force (RAF). A total of 34,711 long tons (35,268 t) of bombs were dropped on the city, [2] and 20,000 civilians died during the war in Cologne due to aerial bombardments.
EL-DE Haus, officially the NS Documentation Center of the City of Cologne, located in Cologne, is the former headquarters of the Gestapo and now a museum documenting the Third Reich. The building was at first the business premises of jeweller Leopold Dahmen, and the building takes its name from his initials. [ 1 ]
NS-DOC logo The permanent exhibition Cellblocks in the cellar. The NS Documentation Centre of the City of Cologne [1] (German: NS-Dokumentationszentrum der Stadt Köln) was founded by a resolution passed by the Cologne city council on December 13, 1979, and has become the largest regional memorial site in all of Germany for the victims of the Nazis.
The Historical Archive of the City of Cologne (German: Historisches Archiv der Stadt Köln, or Kölner Stadtarchiv for short) is the municipal archive of Cologne, Germany. It ranks among the largest communal archives in Europe. A municipal archive has existed in Cologne since the Middle Ages. The oldest inventory of charters in the archive is ...
The Hohenzollern Bridge functioned as one of the most important bridges in Germany during World War II (1939-1945); even constant daily airstrikes did not badly damage it. On 6 March 1945, German military engineers blew up the bridge as Allied troops began their assault on Cologne .
Free Imperial City: Cologne coat of arms. The history of Cologne covers over 2000 years of urban history. In the year 50, Cologne was elevated to a city under Roman law and named "Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium"; since the Frankish rule it is known by derivatives of simply Colonia, including German Cöln (later Köln) and French (borrowed into English) Cologne.
Bennington, Vt: Merriam Press. World War II Historical Society monograph, 41. OCLC: 50874309. ISBN 978-1-57638-024-6; 978-1-57638-072-7. Evans, Michael, 'PoW tells of escape maps printed on secret press' The Times, 23 June 1997. Garber, Megan. 2013. "How Monopoly Games Helped Allied POWs Escape During World War II." The Atlantic. January 2013.