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The human gallbladder is a hollow grey-blue organ that sits in a shallow depression below the right lobe of the liver. [2] In adults, the gallbladder measures approximately 7 to 10 centimetres (2.8 to 3.9 inches) in length and 4 centimetres (1.6 in) in diameter when fully distended. [3]
The bile duct is some 6–8 cm long, and normally up to 8 mm in diameter. [4]Its proximal supraduodenal part is situated within the free edge of the lesser omentum.Its middle retroduodenal part is oriented inferiorly and right-ward, and is situated posterior to the first part of the duodenum, and anterior to the inferior vena cava.
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However, in the same study, cysts were detected in the muscle of only one of 102 dogs. [66] In China, where dogs are slaughtered for human consumption, trichinae were detected in an average of 16.2% of slaughtered dogs during trichinae inspection, with prevalence varying from 1.2% to 44.8% depending on the region. [67]
Extraction of choledocholithiasis and/or intrahepatic stones: choledocholithiasis is the presence of gallstones within the common bile duct. They can be either primary (formed within the duct) or secondary (entering the duct from the gallbladder). Biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy allows for opening of the sphincter of Oddi, allowing stones to ...
In the British standard a weight of 1.8–2.7 kg (4–6 lb) is preferred – the clause "if two dogs are equally good in type, the more diminutive one is preferred" was removed in 2009. [ 16 ] Pet Chihuahuas (those bred or purchased as companions rather than as show dogs) often range above these weights, even above 4.5 kg (10 lb), if they have ...
Vaccination of dogs is the practice of animal vaccination applied to dogs. Programs in this field have contributed both to the health of dogs and to the public health . In countries where routine rabies vaccination of dogs is practiced, for example, rabies in humans is reduced to a very rare event.
11–15 inches (28–38 cm) 6–8 pounds (2.7–3.6 kg) European settlers brought Fox Terriers with them to South America in the 18th century to act as ratters. The breed was crossed with native dogs and was developed in rural communities. [28] [29] Jack Russell Terrier: England: 10–15 inches (25–38 cm) 14–18 pounds (6.4–8.2 kg)