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  2. Quindar tones - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quindar_tones

    Quindar tones were named for the manufacturer Quindar Electronics, Inc., now QEI. Glen Swanson, historian at NASA's Johnson Space Center who edited the Mission Transcript Collection, and Steve Schindler, an engineer with voice systems engineering at NASA's Kennedy Space Center, confirmed the origin of the name. "Quindar tones, named after the ...

  3. Communications blackout - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communications_blackout

    Until the creation of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS), the Space Shuttle endured a 30-minute blackout. The TDRSS allowed the Shuttle to communicate by relay with a Tracking and Data Relay Satellite during re-entry, through a "hole" in the ionized air envelope at the tail end of the craft, created by the Shuttle's shape. [1]

  4. Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracking_and_Data_Relay...

    TDRS Program Logo Location of TDRS as of March 2019 An unflown TDRS on display at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, Virginia.. The U.S. Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS, pronounced "T-driss") is a network of American communications satellites (each called a tracking and data relay satellite, TDRS) and ground stations used by NASA for space communications.

  5. Sound suppression system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_Suppression_System

    Following the retirement of the Space Shuttle program, pad B at launch complex 39 was upgraded for launches of the Space Launch System (SLS). SLS features an additional RS-25 liquid-fueled rocket engine along with an additional segment in each of its solid rocket boosters over the Space Shuttle program prompting upgrades to the system creating ...

  6. Space Shuttle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle

    The Space Shuttle is a retired, partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system operated from 1981 to 2011 by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as part of the Space Shuttle program.

  7. Launch status check - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launch_status_check

    For Space Shuttle missions, in the firing room at the Launch Control Center, the NASA Test Director (NTD) performed this check via a voice communications link with other NASA personnel. The NTD was the leader of the shuttle test team responsible for directing and integrating all flight crew, orbiter, external tank/solid rocket booster and ...

  8. Atmospheric entry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_entry

    A thermal protection system, or TPS, is the barrier that protects a spacecraft during the searing heat of atmospheric reentry. Multiple approaches for the thermal protection of spacecraft are in use, among them ablative heat shields, passive cooling, and active cooling of spacecraft surfaces.

  9. Space Shuttle program - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program

    The Space Shuttle program was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo from 1981 to 2011.