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Mars 2, Mars 3 and Mariner 9 were all launched into space in May 1971, and all entered Mars’ orbit that same year. NASA's Mariner 9 reached the planet's orbit first on November 14, narrowly beating the Soviet's spacecraft amid the space race, and subsequently became the first spacecraft to orbit another planet. [1]
Mars 2: Mars 2 (4M No.171) 19 May 1971 Soviet Union: Orbiter Successful On November 27 it became in short sequence the second spacecraft to orbit another planet. [5] Operated for 362 orbits [6] Proton-K/D: Mars 2 lander (SA 4M No.171) Lander Spacecraft failure First lander to impact Mars. Deployed from Mars 2, failed to land during attempt on ...
List of Mars landers S.No Landers Launch date Landing date Mass (kg) [1] Landing site Region Status Country MOLA Entry velocity References 1. Mars 2MV-3 No.1: 04 Nov 1962 25 Nov 1962 890 - - Failure Soviet Union - - [2] 2. Mars 2: 19 May 1971 27 Nov 1971 1210 45°S 47°E ♦ - Failure Soviet Union - - [3] [4] 3. Mars 3: 28 May 1971 02 Dec 1971 ...
This is a list of all spacecraft landings on other planets and bodies in the Solar System, including soft landings and both intended and unintended hard impacts. The list includes orbiters that were intentionally crashed, but not orbiters which later crashed in an unplanned manner due to orbital decay .
Mariner 2 (designated Mariner R-2) was launched on August 27, 1962, sending it on a 3½-month flight to Venus. The mission was a success, and Mariner 2 became the first spacecraft to have flown by another planet. On the way it measured for the first time the solar wind, a constant stream of charged particles flowing outward from the Sun.
With destructive, combative Mars ending an 11-week retrograde this February 23, there’s at least a slight chance that some of the chaos of the past couple months will start to dissipate.
It is the only program that visited all four outer planets. A total of nine spacecraft have been launched on missions that involve visits to the outer planets; all nine missions involve encounters with Jupiter, with four spacecraft also visiting Saturn. One spacecraft, Voyager 2, also visited Uranus and Neptune.
Its surface is stamped with ocean and sea basins and etched with ancient riverbeds, deltas, and alluvial fans. The water didn’t last long—just the first 1.5 billion years of the planet’s 4.5 ...